文摘
There is no evidence that the use of single-dose activated charcoal, gastric lavage, syrup of ipecacuanha, cathartics or whole-bowel irrigation improves the clinical outcome in poisoned patients. However, activated charcoal and gastric lavage can be considered in patients who have ingested life-threatening amounts of a toxic agent up to 1 hour previously. To increase elimination, treatment with multiple-dose activated charcoal (in patients who have ingested a life-threatening amount of carbamazepine, dapsone, phenobarbital, quinine or theophylline) or urine alkalinization (in patients with moderately severe salicylate poisoning) should be employed. Haemodialysis and haemodialfiltration significantly increase the elimination of ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, lithium, methanol and salicylate, and should be considered in cases of severe poisoning from these agents.
