MPG forms stable non-covalent nanoparticles with plasmid DNA at N/P ratio of 10:1.

The in vitro transfection efficiency of MPER-V3 DNA using MPG was comparable with lipofectamine and turbofect reagents.

IFN-γ production was significantly higher in prime-boost and peptide immunizations than that in DNA immunizations, inducing Th1 response.

Low dose of the nanoparticles (MPER-V3 DNA: MPG at ratio of 1:10) followed by MPER-V3 peptide could stimulate T cell responses similar to high dose of the naked DNA prime/peptide boost immunization.