Removing endotoxin from metallic biomaterials with compressed carbon dioxide-based mixtures

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Pedro J. Tarafa ; Eve Williams ; Samir Panvelker ; Jian Zhang ; Michael A. Matthews
• 关键词：Endotoxin ; Carbon dioxide ; Microemulsion ; Cleaning ; Biomaterial ; Surfactant
• 刊名：The Journal of Supercritical Fluids
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：January 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：55
• 期：3
• 页码：1052-1058
• 全文大小：592 K

文摘

Bacterial endotoxins have strong affinity for metallic biomaterials because of surface energy effects. Conventional depyrogenation methods may not eradicate endotoxins and may compromise biological properties and functionality of metallic instruments and implants. We evaluated the solubilization and removal of Escherichia coli endotoxin from smooth and porous titanium (Ti) surfaces and stainless steel lumens using compressed CO₂-based mixtures having water and/or surfactant Ls-54. The CO₂/water/Ls-54 ternary mixture in the liquid CO₂ region (25 °C and 27.6 MPa) with strong mixing removed endotoxin below detection levels. This suggests that the ternary mixture penetrates and dissolves endotoxins from all the tested substrates. The successful removal of endotoxins from metallic biomaterials with compressed CO₂ is a promising cleaning technology for biomaterials and reusable medical devices.