Susceptibility of clinical isolates of Leishmania aethiopica to miltefosine, paromomycin, amphotericin B and sodium stibogluconate using amastigote-macrophage in vitro model

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• 作者：M. Utaile^a ; ^b ; ^{manaye.utaile@bobcats.gcsu.edu} ; ^{amamo96@yahoo.com} ; A. Kassahun^a ; ^c ; T. Abebe^a ; ^d ; A. Hailu^a
• 关键词：LCL ; localized cutaneous leishmaniasis ; MCL ; mucosal cutaneous leishmaniasis ; DCL ; diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis ; LRDL ; leishmaniasis research and diagnostic laboratory ; DMIP ; department of microbiology immunology and parasitology ; PEMs ; peritoneal exud
• 刊名：Experimental Parasitology
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：May, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：134
• 期：1
• 页码：68-75
• 全文大小：985 K

文摘

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania aethiopica is a public health and social problem with a sequel of severe and mutilating skin lesions. It is manifested in three forms: localized CL (LCL), mucosal CL (MCL) and diffuse CL (DCL). Unresponsiveness to sodium stibogluconate (Sb^V) is common in Ethiopian CL patients. Using the amastigote-macrophage in vitro model the susceptibility of 24 clinical isolates of L. aethiopica derived from untreated patients was investigated. Eight strains of LCL, 9 of MCL, and 7 of DCL patients together with a reference strain (MHOM/ET/82/117/82) were tested against four antileishmanial drugs: amphotericin B, miltefosine, Sb^V and paromomycin. In the same order of drugs, IC₅₀ (¦Ìg/ml ¡À SD) values for the 24 strains tested were 0.16 ¡À 0.18, 5.88 ¡À 4.79, 10.23 ¡À 8.12, and 13.63 ¡À 18.74. The susceptibility threshold of isolates originating from the 3 categories of patients to all 4 drugs was not different (p > 0.05). Maximal efficacy was superior for miltefosine across all the strains. Further susceptibility test could validate miltefosine as a potential alternative drug in cases of sodium stibogluconate treatment failure in CL patients.