Up to 70% of children and adolescents with mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease had ambulatory blood pressure monitoring abnormalities.

Low urinary citrulline (CIT) level and CIT/Arginine (ARG) ratio were associated with increased awake and asleep systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure loads.

Urine CIT/ARG ratio was associated with pulse-wave velocity and augmentation index related to arterial stiffness.

Awake and asleep systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure loads were negatively correlated with urinary CIT, ARG, asymmetric dimethylarginine, and CIT/ARG ratio.