Transitional Cell Carcinoma in the Pediatric Patient: A Review of the Literature

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• 作者：Stephanie Chu ; ^{sdchu@mednet.ucla.edu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Jennifer Singer
• 刊名：Urology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：May 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：91
• 期：Complete
• 页码：175-179
• 全文大小：174 K

文摘

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is extremely rare in children, with fewer than 30 cases reported in patients under 10 years old. It is thought that pediatric TCC is fundamentally different than TCC in adults; however, there are no specific guidelines for management or surveillance. Furthermore, the addition of papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential as a diagnosis has changed the management of lesions previously considered malignant. This review aims to investigate the difference between TCC in adults and children, to report current strategies for management of pediatric TCC, and to analyze the effects of the new grading system.