Effect of the Addition of Wine Distillery Wastes To Vineyard Soils on the Adsorption and Mobility of Fungicides

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• 作者：Maria Soledad Andrades ; Maria Sonia Rodriguez-Cruz ; Maria Jesus Sanchez-Martin ; and Maria Sanchez-Camazano
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2004
• 出版时间：May 19, 2004
• 年：2004
• 卷：52
• 期：10
• 页码：3022 - 3029
• 全文大小：140K
• 年卷期：v.52,no.10(May 19, 2004)
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

In the present work, a study was made of the effect of the addition of liquid and solid wine distillerywastes (WLW and WSW) to vineyard soils on the adsorption and leaching of penconazole andmetalaxyl, two fungicides of different hydrophobic character that are widely used in vine cultivation.The study of these processes is of great interest, since currently the green filter system is implementedsimultaneously in vine cultivation and as an alternative to classic purification methods of such organicwastes. Three vineyard soils selected from the La Rioja region (NW Spain) were used. Adsorptionisotherms of the ¹⁴C-labeled fungicides by the soils in aqueous medium and in WLW medium wereobtained, together with the percolation curves of the fungicides in packed soil columns under saturatedflow conditions. The adsorption and leaching of metalaxyl in a soil amended with WSW were alsostudied. The Freundlich Kf constants indicated an increase in the adsorption of both fungicides bythe soils in WLW medium as compared to aqueous medium. The amounts of penconazole leachedin the three soils when they were washed with water and WLW ranged between 3.18 and 39.3% andbetween 2.00 and 10.4%, respectively, of the total fungicide added to the columns. In the case ofmetalaxyl, these amounts represented 69.1-100 and 91.6-117%. Variations were also observed inthe shape and parameters of the breakthrough curves obtained in both systems and in the presenceof WSW. The soluble organic compounds of WLW must be retained by the soil components, creatingnew adsorbent hydrophobic surfaces, which increase the retention in the soil of the highly hydrophobiccompound penconazole. In the case of metalaxyl, which is very water soluble, the soluble organiccompounds of WLW seem to contribute to the increase in its leaching, whereas the WSW favors theopposite effect. The results obtained, indicating modifications in the adsorption and leaching ofpenconazole and metalaxyl in the presence of WLW and WSW, show that further studies should becarried out on the adsorption and mobility of the fungicides in soils from the vineyard zone, which inturn are used as a green filter purification system of wine wastes.Keywords: Wine wastes; green filter; vineyard soils; adsorption; mobility; fungicides