Modeling of Drinking Water Distribution Networks Using Stochastic Demand

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• 作者：Victor H. Alcocer-Yamanaka (1)
  Velitchko G. Tzatchkov (1) velitchk@tlaloc.imta.mx
  Felipe I. Arreguin-Cortes (2)
• 关键词：Residential water demand &#8211 ; Stochastic water demand &#8211 ; Water distribution network models &#8211 ; Neyman ; Scott Rectangular Pulse (NSRP) model
• 刊名：Water Resources Management
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：May 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：26
• 期：7
• 页码：1779-1792
• 全文大小：499.9 KB
• 参考文献：1. Alcocer-Yamanaka V (2007) Flujo estoc谩stico y transporte en redes de distribuci贸n de agua potable, PhD Thesis, Universidad Nacional Aut贸noma de M茅xico, p 240 (in Spanish)
  2. Alcocer-Yamanaka V, Tzatchkov V (2002) Implementaci贸n y Calibraci贸n de un modelo de calidad del agua en sistemas de agua potable. Instituto Mexicano de Tecnolog铆a del Agua–Comisi贸n Nacional del Agua. Research project report (in Spanish)
  3. Alcocer-Yamanaka V, Tzatchkov V (2003) Modelo de transporte de sustancias en flujo no permanente en redes de agua potable. Instituto Mexicano de Tecnolog铆a del Agua–Comisi贸n Nacional del Agua. Research project report (in Spanish).
  4. Alcocer-Yamanaka, V, Tzatchkov, V. (2004) Estudio de la variaci贸n estoc谩stica de la demanda en redes de agua potable. Instituto Mexicano de Tecnolog铆a del Agua. Research project report (in Spanish).
  5. Alcocer-Yamanaka V, Tzatchkov V, Arregu铆n CF (2004) Modelo de calidad del agua en redes de distribuci贸n. Ing. Hidraul. en M茅xico. volume XIX, num. 2. April–June 2004 (in Spanish)
  6. Alcocer-Yamanaka V, Tzatchkov V, Garc铆a R, Buchberger S, Arregu铆n F, Le贸n T (2008a) Modelaci贸n estoc谩stica del consumo dom茅stico empleando el esquema de Neyman-Scott. Ing. Hidraul. en M茅xico, volume XXIII, num. 3, July–Sept 2008, pp. 105–121 (in Spanish)
  7. Alcocer-Yamanaka V, Tzatchkov V, Bourguett V (2008b) Desagregaci贸n temporal de lecturas acumuladas de consumo de agua potable por medio de m茅todos estoc谩sticos. Intersci (Venezuela) 33(10):725–732 (in Spanish)
  8. Alcocer-Yamanaka V, Aldama A, Tzatchkov V, Espinosa A, Arregu铆n F (2009a) An谩lisis espectral de registros de consumo dom茅stico. Ing. Hidraul. en M茅xico, volume XXIV, num. 4, Oct–Dec 2009 (in Spanish)
  9. Alcocer-Yamanaka V, Tzatchkov V, Zheng W (2009b) Spectral analysis of instantaneous residential water demand series, Integrating Water Systems - Computing and Control in the Water Industry (CCWI), CRCPress/A.A. Balkema Publishers – Taylor & Francis Group, Joby Boxall and C锚do Maksimović - Editors 2009, Sheffield, UK. pp 503–508
  10. Alvisi S, Franchini M, Marinelli A (2003) A stochastic model for representing drinking water demand at residential level. Water Resour Manag 17(3):197–222
  11. Bazaraa M, Sherali H, Shetty CM (1993) Nonlinear programming: theory and algorithms. Wiley
  12. Buchberger S, Wu L (1995) A model for instantaneous residential water demands. J Hydraul Eng ASCE 121(3):232–246
  13. Buchberger SG, Carter JT, Lee Y, Schade TG (2003a) Random demands, travel times, and water quality in deadends. AWWA Research Foundation, 2003
  14. Buchberger SG, Li Z, Tzatchkov VG (2003b) Hydraulic behavior of pipe networks subject to random water demands, World Water & Environmental Resources Congress 2003, Philadelphia, PA, June 23 to 26, 2003
  15. Buchberger SG, Li Z, Tzatchkov VG (2003c) Hydraulic characterization of pipe network subject to stochastic water demands, Water Resources Management. II, Editor: C.A. Brebbia, WIT Press, Southampton, Boston, 2003, pp 161–170
  16. Entekhabi D, Bras R (1990) Parameter estimation and sensitivity analysis for the modified Barlett-Lewis rectangular pulses model of rainfall. J Geophys Res 95(D3):2093–2100
  17. Entekhabi D, Rodr铆guez-Iturbe I, Eagleson P (1989) Probabilistic representation of the temporal rainfall process by a modified Neyman-Scott rectangular pulses model: parameter estimation and validation. Water Resour Res 25(2):295–302
  18. Feliciano D (2005) An谩lisis y caracterizaci贸n estoc谩stica del consumo de agua potable en viviendas de Culiac谩n, Sinaloa, MSc Thesis, UNAM (in Spanish)
  19. Guercio R, Magini R, Pallavicini I (2001) Instantaneous residencial water demand as stochastic point process. Water Resources Management. Brebbia et al. (Eds) WIT Press, pp 129–138
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  21. Mellor D (2007) Generalized Neyman-Scott model, Version 3.3.1 beta. GNU (General Public License), Copyright 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
  22. Nadimpalli G, Buchberger S (2003) Estimation of parameters for Poisson pulse model of residential water demands. Technical report, Deparment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, p 43.
  23. Rodriguez-Iturbe I, Gupta V, Waymire E (1984) Scale considerations in the modeling of temporal rainfall. Water Resour Res 20(11):1611–1619
  24. Rodriguez-Iturbe I, Cox D, EIsham V (1987) Some models for rainfall based on stochastic point process. Proc R Soc London A 410:269–288
  25. Tzatchkov V (2007) Datos B谩sicos. Manual de dise帽o de agua potable, alcantarillado y saneamiento, Subdirecci贸n General e Infraestructura Hidr谩ulica Urbana e Industrial-Gerencia de Normas T茅cnicas-Comisi贸n Nacional del Agua- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnolog铆a del Agua, Third Edition, p 89 (in Spanish)
  26. Tzatchkov V, Alcocer-Yamanaka YV, Arregu铆n CF (2004) Decaimiento del cloro por reacci贸n con el agua en redes de distribuci贸n. Ing. Hidraul. en M茅xico volume XIX, num. 1. Jan–March 2004 (in Spanish)
  27. Tzatchkov V, Alcocer-Yamanaka V, Arregu铆n CF, Feliciano G (2005) Medici贸n y caracterizaci贸n estoc谩stica de la demanda instant谩nea de agua potable. Ing. Hidraul. en M茅xico, Vol. XX, No.1, Jan–March 2005 (in Spanish)
• 作者单位：1. Mexican Institute of Water Technology, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos CP 62550, Mexico2. Comision Nacional del Agua, Insurgentes Sur 2416, Col. Copilco El Bajo, Delegacion Coyoacan, Mexico, DF CP 04340, Mexico
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Hydrogeology
  Geotechnical Engineering
  Meteorology and Climatology
  Civil Engineering
  Environment
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-1650

文摘

Residential water demand is one of the most difficult parameters to determine when modeling drinking water distribution networks. It has been proven to be a stochastic process that can be characterized as a series of rectangular pulses with a set intensity, duration and frequency. These parameters can be determined using stochastic models such as the Neyman-Scott Rectangular Pulse (NSRP) model. The NSRP model is based on the solution of a non-linear optimization problem. This solution involves theoretical moments that represent the synthetic demand series (equiprobable) and the observed moments (field measurements) that statistically establish the measured demand series. The NSRP model has been applied for residential demand, and the results have been published. However, this model has not been validated for a real distribution network or compared with traditional methods. The present study compared the results of synthetic stochastic demand series, which were calculated using the NSRP model, applied to the determination of pressures, flow rates and leaks; to the results obtained using traditional simulation methods, which use the curve of hourly variation in demand, and to actual pressure and flow rate measurements. The Humaya sector of Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico, was used as the study area.