An Evaluation Methodology of Math-to-Speech in Non-English DAISY Digital Talking Books

详细信息    查看全文

• 关键词：DAISY ; Digital talking books ; Math ; to ; Speech ; MathML ; Accessible math
• 刊名：Lecture Notes in Computer Science
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：9758
• 期：1
• 页码：27-34
• 全文大小：279 KB
• 参考文献：1.DAISY Consortium. www.​daisy.​org
  2.Leas, D., Persoon, E., Soiffer, N., Zacherle, M.: Daisy 3: a standard for accessible multimedia books. IEEE Multimedia 4, 28–37 (2008)CrossRef
  3.Ausbrooks, R., Buswell, S., Carlisle, D., Dalmas, S., Devitt, S., Diaz, A., Miner, R.: Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) version 2.0. W3C Recommendation. World Wide Web Consortium (2003)
  4.ANSI/NISO 2008. Z39.83-2008 NISO Circulation Interchange Protocol. ISSN: 1041-5653, ISBN: 978-1-880124-97-0. NISO Press, Bethesda. http://​www.​niso.​org/​apps/​group_​public/​download.​php/​5815/​z39-83-2-2008_​2_​01.​pdf . Accessed 24 Mar 2016
  5.Yamaguchi, K., Suzuki, M.: On necessity of a new method to read out math contents properly in DAISY. In: Miesenberger, K., Klaus, J., Zagler, W., Karshmer, A. (eds.) ICCHP 2010, Part II. LNCS, vol. 6180, pp. 415–422. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)CrossRef
  6.Ferreira, H., Freitas, D.: AudioMath: using MathML for speaking mathematics. In: XATA 2005 (2005)
  7.Stevens, R., Edwards, A., Harling, P.: Access to mathematics for visually disabled students through multimodal interaction. Hum.-Comput. Interact. 12, 47–92 (1997)CrossRef
  8.Isaacson, M.D., Srinivasan, S., Lloyd, L.: Development of an algorithm for improving quality and information processing capacity of MathSpeak synthetic speech renderings. J. Disabil. Rehabil. Assistive Technol. 5, 83–93 (2010)CrossRef
  9.Isaacson, M.D., Lloyd, L.L., Schleppenbach, D.: Reducing multiple interpretations of mathematical expressions with MathSpeak. In: 1st International Conference on Technology-Based Learning with Disability, pp. 1–10. Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio (2007)
  10.Soiffer, N.: MathPlayer v2. 1: web-based math accessibility. In: Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility, pp. 257–258. ACM Press, New York (2007)
  11.ReadHear Player. https://​www.​gh-accessibility.​com/​
  12.Strobbe, C., Engelen, J., Spiewak, V.: Generating DAISY books from OpenOffice.org. In: Miesenberger, K., Klaus, J., Zagler, W., Karshmer, A. (eds.) ICCHP 2010, Part 1. LNCS, vol. 6179, pp. 5–11. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)CrossRef
  13.Archambault, D., Spiewak, V.: OpenOffice.org Save-as-Daisy extension. In: Emiliani, P.L., et al. (eds.) Assistive Technology Research Series AAATE 2009, vol. 25, pp. 212–216. IOS Press, Amsterdam (2009)
  14.Design Science. http://​www.​dessci.​com/​en/​products/​mathdaisy/​
  15.InftyProject. http://​www.​inftyproject.​org/​en/​index.​html
  16.Yamaguchi, K., Suzuki, M.: Accessible authoring tool for DAISY ranging from mathematics to others. In: Miesenberger, K., Karshmer, A., Penaz, P., Zagler, W. (eds.) ICCHP 2012, Part I. LNCS, vol. 7382, pp. 130–137. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)CrossRef
  17.Davydov, M.V., Lozytskyy, O., Nikolskyy, Y.: Method of Automatic Formulas Reading in Ukrainian. Lviv Polytechnic National University MES of Ukraine, Ukraine (2013)
  18.Bernier, A., Burger, D.: AcceSciTech: a global approach to make scientific and technical literature accessible. In: Stephanidis, C., Antona, M. (eds.) UAHCI 2013, Part III. LNCS, vol. 8011, pp. 283–290. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)
  19.Kacorri, H., Riga, P., Kouroupetroglou, G.: EAR-math: evaluation of audio rendered mathematics. In: Stephanidis, C., Antona, M. (eds.) UAHCI 2014, Part II. LNCS, vol. 8514, pp. 111–120. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)
  20.Raman, T.V.: ASTER-towards modality-independent electronic documents. Multimedia Tools Appl. 6, 141–151 (1998)CrossRef
  21.Fitzpatrick, D.: Towards Accessible Technical Documents: Production of Speech and Braille Output from Formatted Documents. Doctoral dissertation, Dublin City University (1999)
  22.Spiegel, M., Lipschutz, S., Liu, J.: Mathematical Handbook of Formulas and Tables, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York (1968)
  23.Bradji, A., Fuhrmann, J.: Some error estimates in finite volume method for parabolic equations. In: Eymard, R., H´erard, J.-M. (eds.) Finite Volumes for Complex Applications V, Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Finite Volume for Complex Applications, pp. 233–240. Wiley, Chichester (2008)
  24.Zhang, X., Zhou, Y.: Periodic solutions of non-autonomous second order Hamiltonian systems. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 345, 929–933 (2008)MathSciNet CrossRef MATH
  25.Hung, N.M., Long, H.V., Son, N.T.K.: On the asymptotics of solutions to the second initial boundary value problem for Schrödinger systems in domains with conical points. J. Appl. Math. 58, 63–91 (2013)CrossRef MATH
  26.Yao, Q.: Positive solutions for eigenvalue problems of fourth-order elastic beam equations. J. Appl. Math. Lett. 17, 237–243 (2004)MathSciNet CrossRef MATH
  27.Kubáček, L.: Seemingly unrelated regression models. Appl. Math. 58, 111–123 (2013)MathSciNet CrossRef MATH
  28.Argirakis, D., Vourganas, P., Mentis, K., Tsikopoulou, S., Chrisovergis, M.: Mathematics 3rd Class of Gymnasium, pp. 38–39. http://​ebooks.​edu.​gr/​courses/​DSGYM-C104/​document/​4bddaea1n61y/​52402801231s/​52402823jhtj.​pdf
  29.Andreadakis, S., Katsargiris, V., Papastavridis, S., Polizos, G., Sverkos, A.: Mathematics 2nd Class of Lyceum, pp. 97–98. http://​ebooks.​edu.​gr/​courses/​DSGL-B133/​document/​4e09fabdb67e/​4e09fac5l2ig/​4e5908d84hoj.​pdf
  30.Design Science. http://​www.​dessci.​com/​en/​products/​mathtype/​
  31.Polewczac, J.: LaTeX, MathML, and TEX4HT: Tools for creating accessible documents. Mathematics, CSUN, Northridge (2005)
  32.GrindEq. http://​www.​grindeq.​com/​
  33.Kacorri, H., Riga, P., Kouroupetroglou, G.: Performance metrics and their extraction methods for audio rendered mathematics. In: Miesenberger, K., Fels, D., Archambault, D., Peňáz, P., Zagler, W. (eds.) ICCHP 2014, Part I. LNCS, vol. 8547, pp. 614–621. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)CrossRef
  
• 作者单位：Paraskevi Riga (16) (17)
  Georgios Kouroupetroglou (16) (17)
  Polyxeni-Parthena Ioannidou (16)
  
  16. Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
  17. Accessibility Unit for Students with Disabilities, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
  
• 丛书名：Computers Helping People with Special Needs
• ISBN：978-3-319-41264-1
• 刊物类别：Computer Science
• 刊物主题：Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
  Computer Communication Networks
  Software Engineering
  Data Encryption
  Database Management
  Computation by Abstract Devices
  Algorithm Analysis and Problem Complexity
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1611-3349
• 卷排序：9758

文摘

The DAISY 3 MathML Modular Extension allows all of the features of a Digital Talking Book to work for math, just as they do for literary text. But this extension does not specify details about advanced MathML players on the localization (i.e. support of a specific native language), support of multilingual mathematical or textual content, cultural differences or user preferences. In this work we present the methodology, we have developed to evaluate in a systematic way the correctness of the Math-to-Speech rendering by investigating specific steps during the production and rendering phases for non-English DAISY Digital Talking Math Books. We define four types of errors in the math expressions: deletions (D), insertions (I), substitutions (S) and translations (T). More-over, we propose an appropriate corpus of mathematical expressions that facilitates the evaluation of the proposed methodology. Then, we have applied the above in the case of the Greek language, a not widespread inflectional natural language. The results of the evaluation for the Greek language and the Math-Player working with the ReadHear player are for each category of math expressions in the whole corpus: trigonometry = 2D, fractions = 3D, matrices = 18T & 4D, integrals = 10T, 12S & 4D, limits = 2T, 12S & 4D, powers-indicators = 8T, 4S & 1D and sets = 9T, 1S, 5D & 3I.