Mineral bioavailability in grains of Pakistani bread wheat declines from old to current cultivars

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• 作者：Shahid Hussain (12) id.hussain@yahoo.com
  Muhammad Aamer Maqsood (1)
  Zed Rengel (2)
  Muhammad Khawar Khan (1)
• 关键词：Bioavailability &#8211 ; Biofortification &#8211 ; Grain minerals &#8211 ; Pakistan &#8211 ; Phytate &#8211 ; Triticum aestivum L.
• 刊名：Euphytica
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：July 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：186
• 期：1
• 页码：153-163
• 全文大小：234.4 KB
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• 作者单位：1. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040 Pakistan2. School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Plant Physiology
  Plant Sciences
  Ecology
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-5060

文摘

Estimating variation in grain mineral concentration and bioavailability in relation to grain yield and the year of cultivar release is important for breeding wheat with increased content of bioavailable minerals. The grain yield and yield components, grain phytate concentration, and concentration and bioavailability of minerals (zinc Zn, iron Fe and calcium Ca) in wheat grains were estimated in 40 wheat cultivars released in Punjab (Pakistan) during the last five decades. Mean grain Zn and Ca concentrations in current-cultivars were significantly lower (≥14%) than in obsolete cultivars released during the Green Revolution (1965–1976). Much of this variation was related to increased grain weight in current-cultivars. There was a positive correlation among minerals (r = 0.39 or higher, n = 40) and minerals with phytate in wheat grains (r = 0.38 or higher, n = 40). The tested cultivars varied widely in grain yield and grain phytate-to-mineral molar ratios (phytate:mineral). Compared to obsolete cultivars, the current-cultivars had a higher phytate:mineral ratio in grains, indicating poor bioavailability of minerals to humans. The study revealed a non-significant relationship between grain yield and phytate:mineral ratios in grains. Therefore, breeding for lower phytate:mineral ratios in wheat grains can ensure increased mineral bioavailability without significant reduction in the yield potential. Future breeding should be focused on developing new genotypes suitable for mineral biofortification and with increased mineral bioavailability in grains.