Diapause as escape strategy to exposure to toxicants: response of Brachionus calyciforus to arsenic

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• 作者：Adriana Aránguiz-Acuña ; Manuel Serra
• 关键词：Hatching success ; Heavy metals ; Mixis ratio ; Rotifers ; Toxicity
• 刊名：Ecotoxicology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：May 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：25
• 期：4
• 页码：708-719
• 全文大小：587 KB
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• 作者单位：Adriana Aránguiz-Acuña (1)
  Manuel Serra (2)
  
  1. Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Universidad Católica del Norte, 0610, Angamos, Antofagasta, Chile
  2. Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Environment
  Monitoring, Environmental Analysis and Environmental Ecotoxicology
  Ecology
  Environmental Management
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-3017

文摘

Invertebrate organisms commonly respond to environmental fluctuation by entering diapause. Production of diapause in monogonont rotifers involves a previous switch from asexual to partial sexual reproduction. Although zooplankton have been used in ecotoxicological assays, often their true vulnerability to toxicants is underestimated by not incorporating the sexual phase. We experimentally analyzed traits involved in sexual reproduction and diapause in the cyclically parthenogenetic freshwater rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus, exposed to arsenic, a metalloid naturally found in high concentrations in desert zones, focusing on the effectiveness of diapause as an escape response in the face of an adverse condition. Addition of sublethal concentrations of arsenic modified the pattern of diapause observed in the rotifer: investment in diapause with arsenic addition peaked earlier and higher than in non-toxicant conditions, which suggests that sexual investment could be enhanced in highly stressed environmental conditions by increased responsiveness to stimulation. Nevertheless, eggs produced in large amount with arsenic, were mostly low quality, and healthy-looking eggs had lower hatching success, therefore it is unclear whether this pattern is optimum in an environment with arsenic, or if rather arsenic presence in water bodies disturbs the optimal allocation of offspring entering diapause. We observed high accumulation of arsenic in organisms exposed to constant concentration after several generations, which suggests that arsenic may be accumulated transgenerationally. The sexual phase in rotifers may be more sensitive to environmental conditions than the asexual one, therefore diapause attributes should be considered in ecotoxicological assessment because of its ecological and evolutionary implications on lakes biodiversity.