Femoral bone and cartilage wear is predictable at 0° and 90° in the osteoarthritic knee treated with total knee arthroplasty

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• 作者：Denis Nam (1) (5)
  Kenneth M. Lin (1)
  Stephen M. Howell (2) (3)
  Maury L. Hull (2) (3) (4)
  
• 关键词：Total knee arthroplasty ; Kinematic alignment ; Cartilage wear ; Osteoarthritis
• 刊名：Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：22
• 期：12
• 页码：2975-2981
• 全文大小：1,037 KB
• 参考文献：1. Bellemans J, Colyn W, Vandenneucker H, Victor J (2012) The Chitranjan Ranawat award: is neutral mechanical alignment normal for all patients? The concept of constitutional varus. Clin Orthop Relat Res 470(1):45-3 CrossRef
  2. Dossett HG, Swartz GJ, Estrada NA, LeFevre GW, Kwasman BG (2012) Kinematically versus mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedics 35:e160–e169
  3. Eckhoff DG, Bach JM, Spitzer VM, Reinig KD, Bagur MM, Baldini TH, Flannery NM (2005) Three-dimensional mechanics, kinematics, and morphology of the knee viewed in virtual reality. J Bone Joint Surg Am 87(Suppl 2):71-0 CrossRef
  4. Eckstein F, Kwoh CK, Boudreau RM, Wang Z, Hannon MJ, Cotofana S, Hudelmaier MI, Wirth W, Guermazi A, Nevitt MC, John MR, Hunter DJ, Investigators OAI (2013) Quantitative MRI measures of cartilage predict knee replacement: a case-control study from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Ann Rheum Dis 72:707-14 CrossRef
  5. Frobell RB, Nevitt MC, Hudelmaier M, Wirth W, Wyman BT, Benichou O, Dreher D, Davies R, Lee JH, Baribaud F, Gimona A, Eckstein F, Osteoarthritis Initiative Investigators (2010) Femorotibial subchondral bone area and regional cartilage thickness: a cross-sectional description in healthy reference cases and various radiographic stages of osteoarthritis in 1,003 knees from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 62:1612-623 CrossRef
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  7. Howell SM, Howell SJ, Kuznik KT, Cohen J, Hull ML (2013) Does a kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty restore function without failure regardless of alignment category? Clin Orthop Relat Res 471(3):1000-007 CrossRef
  8. Howell SM, Papadopoulos S, Kuznik KT, Hull ML (2013) Accurate alignment and high function after kinematically aligned TKA performed with generic instruments. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 21:2271-280 CrossRef
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  10. Kalairajah Y, Azurza K, Hulme C, Molloy S, Drabu KJ (2005) Health outcome measures in the evaluation of total hip arthroplasties—a comparison between the Harris hip score and the Oxford hip score. J Arthroplasty 20:1037-041 CrossRef
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  12. Tashiro Y, Uemura M, Matsuda S, Okazaki K, Kawahara S, Hashizume M, Iwamoto Y (2012) Articular cartilage of the posterior condyle can affect rotational alignment in total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 20:1463-469 CrossRef
  13. Vanlommel L, Vanlommel J, Claes S, Bellemans J (2013) Slight undercorrection following total knee arthroplasty results in superior clinical outcomes in varus knees. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 21(10):2325-330 CrossRef
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• 作者单位：Denis Nam (1) (5)
  Kenneth M. Lin (1)
  Stephen M. Howell (2) (3)
  Maury L. Hull (2) (3) (4)
  
  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine/Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
  5. Washington University Orthopedics, Barnes Jewish Hospital, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8233, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
  2. Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
  4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
  
• ISSN：1433-7347

文摘

Purpose Kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty (TKA) positions the femoral component at the natural angle and level of the distal (0°) and posterior (90°) joint line. This technique applies referencing guides at 0° and 90° that are adjusted to compensate for wear and kerf and perform resections equal in thickness to the femoral component. Knowing whether femoral bone and cartilage wear is predictable would assist in establishing general guidelines for adjusting the resection level of these two referencing guides. This study tests the hypothesis that femoral bone and cartilage wear is predictable at 0° and 90° in the varus and valgus osteoarthritic knee treated with TKA. Methods The study consists of 205 patients and 208 knees with Kellgren–Lawrence Grade 3 or 4 osteoarthritis and treated with a TKA. Each knee had a narrow slice (2?mm) preoperative 1.5 tesla magnetic resonance image in the sagittal plane. Femoral bone and cartilage wear at 0° and 90° was computed from best-fit circles superimposed on the peripheral boundary of the subchondral bone on the medial and lateral femoral condyles. Results Overall, 99.5?% of knees had minimal bone wear (1?mm cartilage wear on the medial femoral condyle. In the 26?% (54 of 208) of knees with a valgus deformity, 78?% at 0° and 55?% at 90° had ??mm cartilage wear on the lateral femoral condyle. Conclusions As a general guideline, adjustment for femoral bone wear is rarely required when performing kinematically aligned TKA. Most osteoarthritic knees require adjustment of the distal referencing guide to compensate for cartilage wear on the medial femoral condyle in the varus knee and the lateral femoral condyle in the valgus knee. Adjustment of the posterior referencing guide is required in about half of valgus osteoarthritic knees to compensate for lateral cartilage wear at 90°. Knowing that bone wear is rare and cartilage wear is predictable in varus and valgus Kellgren–Lawrence Grade 3 or 4 osteoarthritic knees helps establish general guidelines for adjusting the distal and posterior femoral referencing guides to restore the natural angle and level of the femoral joint lines when performing kinematically aligned TKA with generic instruments. Level of evidence IV.