SAMHD1 specifically restricts retroviruses through its RNase activity

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• 作者：Jongsu Choi ; Jeongmin Ryoo ; Changhoon Oh ; Sungyeon Hwang ; Kwangseog Ahn
• 关键词：SAMHD1 ; RNase ; Restriction factor ; HIV ; 1 ; Retrovirus
• 刊名：Retrovirology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：12
• 期：1
• 全文大小：1,589 KB
• 刊物主题：Virology; Infectious Diseases; Cancer Research;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：1742-4690

文摘

Background Human SAMHD1 possesses dual enzymatic functions. It acts as both a dGTP-dependent triphosphohydrolase and as an exoribonuclease. The dNTPase function depletes the cellular dNTP pool, which is required for retroviral reverse transcription in differentiated myeloid cells and resting CD4+ T cells; thus this activity mainly plays a role in SAMHD1-mediated retroviral restriction. However, a recent study demonstrated that SAMHD1 directly targets HIV-1 genomic RNA via its RNase activity, and that this function (rather than dNTPase activity) is sufficient for HIV-1 restriction. While HIV-1 genomic RNA is a potent target for SAMHD1 during viral infection, the specificity of SAMHD1-mediated RNase activity during infection by other viruses is unclear.