Reflexivity, Relativism, Microhistory: Three Desiderata for Historical Epistemologies

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• 作者：Martin Kusch (1)
  
• 刊名：Erkenntnis
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：November 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：75
• 期：3
• 页码：483-494
• 全文大小：157KB
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• 作者单位：Martin Kusch (1)
  
  1. Department of Philosophy, University of Vienna, Universit?tsstra?e 7, 1010, Wien, Austria
  

文摘

This paper tries to motivate three desiderata for historical epistemologies: (a) that they should be reflective about the pedigree of their conceptual apparatus; (b) that they must face up to the potentially relativistic consequences of their historicism; and (c) that they must not forget the hard-won lessons of microhistory (i.e. historical events must be explained causally; historical events must not be artificially divided into internal/intellectual and external/social “factors-or “levels- and constructed series of homogenous events must not be treated as quasi-organisms). Ian Hacking’s work on styles of reasoning and Lorraine Daston’s and Peter Galison’s investigation into epistemic virtues are used to identify the costs of neglecting these desiderata.