Possible health impacts of naturally occurring uptake of aristolochic acids by maize and cucumber roots: links to the etiology of endemic (Balkan) nephropathy

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• 作者：Nikola M. Pavlovi? (1)
  Vuk Maksimovi? (2)
  Jelena Dragi?i? Maksimovi? (2)
  William H. Orem (3)
  Calin A. Tatu (3) (4)
  Harry E. Lerch (3)
  Joseph E. Bunnell (3)
  Emina N. Kosti? (5)
  Diana N. Szilagyi (6)
  Virgil Paunescu (7)
  
• 关键词：Aristolochia ; Aristolochic acid ; Balkan endemic nephropathy ; Roots ; Maize ; Cucumber ; Uptake ; Soil ; Contamination ; Biogeochemistry
• 刊名：Environmental Geochemistry and Health
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：April 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：35
• 期：2
• 页码：215-226
• 全文大小：691KB
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• 作者单位：Nikola M. Pavlovi? (1)
  Vuk Maksimovi? (2)
  Jelena Dragi?i? Maksimovi? (2)
  William H. Orem (3)
  Calin A. Tatu (3) (4)
  Harry E. Lerch (3)
  Joseph E. Bunnell (3)
  Emina N. Kosti? (5)
  Diana N. Szilagyi (6)
  Virgil Paunescu (7)
  
  1. Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
  2. Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Vi?eslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia
  3. US Geological Survey, 956 National Center, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, VA, 20192, USA
  4. Department of Biology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Str. Oglinzilor 5 Ap.1, 300708, Timisoara, Romania
  5. Clinic of Nephrology, Clinical Center, Nis, Serbia
  6. Department of Pathology, Emergency County Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
  7. Department of Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
  
• ISSN：1573-2983

文摘

Aristolochic acids (AAs) are nephrotoxic and carcinogenic derivatives found in several Aristolochia species. To date, the toxicity of AAs has been inferred only from the effects observed in patients suffering from a kidney disease called “aristolochic acid nephropathy-(AAN, formerly known as “Chinese herbs nephropathy-. More recently, the chronic poisoning with Aristolochia seeds has been considered to be the main cause of Balkan endemic nephropathy, another form of chronic renal failure resembling AAN. So far, it was assumed that AAs can enter the human food chain only through ethnobotanical use (intentional or accidental) of herbs containing self-produced AAs. We hypothesized that the roots of some crops growing in fields where Aristolochia species grew over several seasons may take up certain amounts of AAs from the soil, and thus become a secondary source of food poisoning. To verify this possibility, maize plant (Zea mays) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) were used as a model to substantiate the possible significance of naturally occurring AAs-root uptake in food chain contamination. This study showed that the roots of maize plant and cucumber are capable of absorbing AAs from nutrient solution, consequently producing strong peaks on ultraviolet HPLC chromatograms of plant extracts. This uptake resulted in even higher concentrations of AAs in the roots compared to the nutrient solutions. To further validate the measurement of AA content in the root material, we also measured their concentrations in nutrient solutions before and after the plant treatment. Decreased concentrations of both AAI and AAII were found in nutrient solutions after plant growth. During this short-term experiment, there were much lower concentrations of AAs in the leaves than in the roots. The question is whether these plants are capable of transferring significant amounts of AAs from the roots into edible parts of the plant during prolonged experiments.