Whole-Blood Gene Expression Profiles in Large-Scale Epidemiological Studies: What Do They Tell?

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• 作者：Karina Standahl Olsen ; Guri Skeie ; Eiliv Lund
• 关键词：Nutrigenomics ; Gene expression ; Transcriptomics ; Blood ; PBMC ; Nutrition ; Epidemiology ; Diet ; Nutrients ; Food ; Dietary patterns ; Immunology ; Inflammation ; Study design ; Intervention ; Cohort ; RCT ; mRNA ; Whole blood ; Prevention
• 刊名：Current Nutrition Reports
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：4
• 期：4
• 页码：377-386
• 全文大小：334 KB
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• 作者单位：Karina Standahl Olsen (1)
  Guri Skeie (1)
  Eiliv Lund (1)
  
  1. Department of Community Medicine, UiT Arctic University of Troms酶, 9037, Troms酶, Norway
  
• 刊物主题：Clinical Nutrition; Medicine/Public Health, general; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention; Cardiology; Oncology; Diabetes;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：2161-3311

文摘

In nutrigenomics, gene expression profiling is used to investigate transcriptional mechanisms associated with nutrients and diet. Blood samples collected in the framework of dietary interventions and epidemiological studies allow the use of humans as the model system, as opposed to using cell lines or animal models. Here, we review recent publications in the field of gene expression profiling, based on a systematic literature search focusing on studies from the last 5 years and including studies that investigated either single nutrients, foods, food groups, or dietary patterns. Findings highlight the role of inflammatory processes as key mediators of the association between diet and disease and point to the relevance of using blood as the target tissue in nutrigenomics. However, recurring challenges include study design issues, practical and statistical challenges, and biological interpretation of the results. Many of the published studies have small sample size, and given the nature of gene expression data, their conclusions have limited impact. These challenges should be addressed by future nutrigenomics studies in order to increase their relevance and validity. Keywords Nutrigenomics Gene expression Transcriptomics Blood PBMC Nutrition Epidemiology Diet Nutrients Food Dietary patterns Immunology Inflammation Study design Intervention Cohort RCT mRNA Whole blood Prevention