Seasonal variation in infestations by ixodids on Siberian chipmunks: effects of host age, sex, and birth season

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• 作者：Christie Le Coeur ; Alexandre Robert ; Beno?t Pisanu…
• 关键词：Birth season ; Host ; intrinsic factors ; Ixodes ricinus ; Rodent ; Sex ; biased parasitism ; Tamias sibiricus
• 刊名：Parasitology Research
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：June 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：114
• 期：6
• 页码：2069-2078
• 全文大小：441 KB
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• 作者单位：Christie Le Coeur (1)
  Alexandre Robert (1)
  Beno?t Pisanu (1)
  Jean-Louis Chapuis (1)
  
  1. Centre d’Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO UMR 7204), Sorbonne Universités, MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, CP51, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Biomedicine
  Medical Microbiology
  Microbiology
  Immunology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1955

文摘

In mammalian hosts, macroparasite aggregation is highly heterogeneous over space and time and among individuals. While the exact causes of this heterogeneity remain unclear, it has mainly been attributed to individual differences in exposure and susceptibility. Although some extrinsic (e.g., parasite availability) and intrinsic (e.g., sex or age) factors are well known to affect infestation patterns, the joint and possibly interacting effects of these factors are poorly understood. Here, we study the infestation of hard ticks (mainly Ixodes ricinus) in a small rodent, the Siberian chipmunk (Tamias sibiricus), introduced to an oak-hornbeam forest in France. We investigate the seasonal variation in infestation according to the sex, age, birth season (spring-born or summer-born), and body weight of individual hosts while controlling for interannual variability. During the 10-year study period, 3421 tick count events were recorded involving 1017 chipmunks monitored by the capture-mark-recapture procedure. Our results reveal a male-biased parasitism in the Siberian chipmunk, which is not consistent among individuals born in different seasons. This sex bias is observed among spring-born juveniles from July to the beginning of hibernation. For adults, this difference becomes apparent along the reproduction period (May–September) for summer-born adults only. These complex interactions between sex, age, and birth season suggest overall that the seasonal variation of tick load is critically linked to the reproductive behavior of this small ground sciurid.