Effects of landmark distance and stability on accuracy of reward relocation

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• 作者：David J. Pritchard ; T. Andrew Hurly ; Susan D. Healy
• 关键词：Navigation ; Landmarks ; Spatial memory ; Spatial cognition ; Orientation ; Hummingbirds
• 刊名：Animal Cognition
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：November 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：18
• 期：6
• 页码：1285-1297
• 全文大小：789 KB
• 参考文献：Batschelet E (1981) Circular statistics in biology. Academic Press, London
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• 作者单位：David J. Pritchard (1)
  T. Andrew Hurly (2)
  Susan D. Healy (1)
  
  1. School of Biology, University of St Andrews, Harold Mitchell Building, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9JP, UK
  2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Behavioural Sciences
  Zoology
  Human Physiology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1435-9456

文摘

Although small-scale navigation is well studied in a wide range of species, much of what is known about landmark use by vertebrates is based on laboratory experiments. To investigate how vertebrates in the wild use landmarks, we trained wild male rufous hummingbirds to feed from a flower that was placed in a constant spatial relationship with two artificial landmarks. In the first experiment, the landmarks and flower were 0.25, 0.5 or 1 m apart and we always moved them 3- m after each visit by the bird. In the second experiment, the landmarks and flower were always 0.25 m apart and we moved them either 1 or 0.25 m between trials. In tests, in which we removed the flower, the hummingbirds stopped closer to the predicted flower location when the landmarks had been closer to the flower during training. However, while the distance that the birds stopped from the landmarks and predicted flower location was unaffected by the distance that the landmarks moved between trials, the birds directed their search nearer to the predicted direction of the flower, relative to the landmarks, when the landmarks and flower were more stable in the environment. In the field, then, landmarks alone were sufficient for the birds to determine the distance of a reward but not its direction. Keywords Navigation Landmarks Spatial memory Spatial cognition Orientation Hummingbirds