New insights into the mechanism of DNA mismatch repair

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• 作者：Gloria X. Reyes ; Tobias T. Schmidt ; Richard D. Kolodner ; Hans Hombauer
• 刊名：Chromosoma
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：124
• 期：4
• 页码：443-462
• 全文大小：1,340 KB
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• 作者单位：Gloria X. Reyes (1)
  Tobias T. Schmidt (1)
  Richard D. Kolodner (2)
  Hans Hombauer (1)
  
  1. German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
  2. Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Moores-UCSD Cancer Center and Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0669, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Cell Biology
  Developmental Biology
  Biochemistry
  Human Genetics
  Animal Genetics and Genomics
  Eukaryotic Microbiology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0886

文摘

The genome of all organisms is constantly being challenged by endogenous and exogenous sources of DNA damage. Errors like base:base mismatches or small insertions and deletions, primarily introduced by DNA polymerases during DNA replication are repaired by an evolutionary conserved DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system. The MMR system, together with the DNA replication machinery, promote repair by an excision and resynthesis mechanism during or after DNA replication, increasing replication fidelity by up-to-three orders of magnitude. Consequently, inactivation of MMR genes results in elevated mutation rates that can lead to increased cancer susceptibility in humans. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of MMR with a focus on the different MMR protein complexes, their function and structure. We also discuss how recent findings have provided new insights in the spatio-temporal regulation and mechanism of MMR.