Vesiculation and fragmentation history in a submarine scoria cone-forming eruption, an example from Nishiizu (Izu Peninsula, Japan)

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Vesiculation and fragmentation history in a submarine scoria cone-forming eruption, an example from Nishiizu (Izu Peninsula, Japan)

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作者：Martin Jutzeler ; James D. L. White ; Alexander A. Proussevitch…
关键词：Submarine eruption ; Scoria ; Vesiculation ; Fragmentation ; Quench ; Glass ; Agglutinate ; Grain size ; Stereology ; Nishiizu ; Matsuzaki ; Dogashima ; Izu Peninsula
刊名：Bulletin of Volcanology
出版年：2016
出版时间：February 2016
年：2016
卷：78
期：2
全文大小：7,090 KB
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作者单位：Martin Jutzeler (1) (2)
James D. L. White (1)
Alexander A. Proussevitch (3)
Sarah M. Gordee (4)

1. Geology Department, University of Otago, PO Box 56, 9054, Dunedin, New Zealand
2. School of Physical Sciences and Centre for Excellence in Ore Deposits (CODES), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 79, Hobart, 7001, Australia
3. Earth Systems Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
4. School of Physical Sciences and Centre for Excellence in Ore Deposits (CODES), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 79, Hobart, 7001, Australia
刊物主题：Geology; Geophysics/Geodesy; Mineralogy; Sedimentology;
出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
ISSN：1432-0819

文摘

An uplifted, >50-m-thick, half-dissected, submarine-emplaced (below wave-base) scoria cone occurs as dipping beds in coastal outcrops at Nishiizu, on the Izu Peninsula in Japan. Concentrically outward-dipping, weakly stratified, ungraded, framework-supported thin-to-very thick beds consist of brown coarse tuff to scoria lapilli-tuff, with outsized fluidal bombs throughout; accessory lithic clasts chiefly occur in the lowermost visible beds. Scoria bombs have quenched margins, weak bread-crust textures and their vesicle number densities decrease inward, which is indicative of fast surface cooling. Composite textures in the scoria bombs indicate recycling and agglutination of quenched and semi-molten pyroclasts at the submarine vent. In contrast to weak concentric gradations in vesicle size distribution in the bombs, lapilli have asymmetrical gradients in vesicle size distribution, indicating that they are fragments of coarser, quenched lumps. Three grain-size modes characterise the Nishiizu brown scoria, with coarse magma lumps ejected during magmatic fragmentation and quench-jointed upon contact with seawater, to be subsequently fragmented into lapilli and coarse ash by various styles of fragmentation where seawater plays a critical role. The cone was constructed by slow-moving fallout-fed granular flow/creep, fed directly by suspension settling focused at the crater rim but extending onto the cone flanks, with only minor resedimentation by granular flows. Nishiizu deposits yield an exceptional record of eruption and sedimentation dynamics during submarine cone-building activity, and in this study we compare their vesiculation and fragmentation mechanisms with those of potential subaerial analogues. Keywords Submarine eruption Scoria Vesiculation Fragmentation Quench Glass Agglutinate Grain size Stereology Nishiizu Matsuzaki Dogashima Izu Peninsula