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Multiscale investigation of mealiness in apple: an atypical role for a pectin methylesterase during fruit maturation
- 作者:Sandrine Mikol Segonne (1)
Maryline Bruneau (2) Jean-Marc Celton (2) Sophie Le Gall (4) Mathilde Francin-Allami (4) Marjorie Juchaux (3) Fran莽ois Laurens (2) Mathilde Orsel (2) Jean-Pierre Renou (1) (2) (3)
1. AgroCampus-Ouest ; UMR 1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences ; F-49045 ; Angers ; France 2. INRA ; UMR 1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences ; F-49071 ; Beaucouz茅 ; France 4. INRA ; UR1268 Biopolym猫res ; Interactions ; Assemblages ; F-44316 ; Nantes ; France 3. Universit茅 d鈥橝ngers ; UMR 1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences ; SFR 4207 QUASAV ; PRES L鈥橴NAM ; F-49045 ; Angers ; France
- 关键词:Apple ; Cell wall ; Malus domestica ; PME ; Fruit texture ; Transcriptome
- 刊名:BMC Plant Biology
- 出版年:2014
- 出版时间:December 2014
- 年:2014
- 卷:14
- 期:1
- 全文大小:2,499 KB
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- 刊物主题:Plant Sciences; Agriculture; Tree Biology;
- 出版者:BioMed Central
- ISSN:1471-2229
文摘
Background Apple fruit mealiness is one of the most important textural problems that results from an undesirable ripening process during storage. This phenotype is characterized by textural deterioration described as soft, grainy and dry fruit. Despite several studies, little is known about mealiness development and the associated molecular events. In this study, we integrated phenotypic, microscopic, transcriptomic and biochemical analyses to gain insights into the molecular basis of mealiness development. Results Instrumental texture characterization allowed the refinement of the definition of apple mealiness. In parallel, a new and simple quantitative test to assess this phenotype was developed. Six individuals with contrasting mealiness were selected among a progeny and used to perform a global transcriptome analysis during fruit development and cold storage. Potential candidate genes associated with the initiation of mealiness were identified. Amongst these, the expression profile of an early down-regulated transcript similar to an Arabidopsis thaliana pectin methylesterase gene (AtPME2) matched with mealiness development. In silico analyses of this Malus x domestica PME gene (MdPME2) confirmed its specific pattern compared with all other identified MdPME genes. Protein fusion experiments showed that MdPME2 is secreted into the apoplast in accordance with a possible activity on pectin structure. Further microscopic analysis indicated a progressive loss of cell to cell adhesion in mealy apple fruits. Biochemical analysis revealed specific modifications of pectin residues associated with mealiness, without global changes in the degree of methylesterification of pectins. Conclusions These data support the role of PME in cell wall remodelling during apple fruit development and ripening and suggest a local action of these enzymes. Mealiness may partially result from qualitative and spatial variations of pectin microarchitecture rather than quantitative pectin differences, and these changes may occur early in fruit development. The specific MdPME2 gene highlighted in this study could be a good early marker of texture unfavourable trait in apple.
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