Heat wave vulnerability and exposure mapping for Osaka City, Japan

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• 作者：Robert G. D. Macnee ; Akihiro Tokai
• 关键词：Heat wave ; Risk mapping ; Climate risk ; Heat vulnerability
• 刊名：Environment Systems and Decisions
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：36
• 期：4
• 页码：368-376
• 全文大小：3,613 KB
• 刊物类别：Environment, general; Environmental Management; Sustainable Development; Environmental Engineering/B
• 刊物主题：Environment, general; Environmental Management; Sustainable Development; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology; Environmental Economics;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：2194-5411
• 卷排序：36

文摘

Heat waves and heat-related stresses are increasing environmental concerns in urban areas. The impact of heat waves is dependent on the intensity and duration of each event and on underlying environmental and socio-demographic factors which influence population vulnerability. In order to develop effective adaptation strategies, it is important to develop a method to clearly identify the most vulnerable areas based on these factors. The purpose of this study is to develop and map a heat wave vulnerability index combined with heat exposure analysis to identify areas where interventions can be targeted. The vulnerability index was derived from a principle component analysis of eight key variables that influence heat wave vulnerability. Eight proxy measures of vulnerability were obtained from 2010 census and land-use data for the 1904 census districts of Osaka City. Three principle components explained >77 % of the variance (age, employment and education; social isolation; density and lack of green space). The components were combined and weighted to produce a vulnerability score for each census district. The vulnerability scores ranged from 0 to 106, were categorised into eight vulnerability levels and were overlaid with fine-scale air temperature observations. The resulting output identified the distribution of population vulnerability and exposure. This assessment of vulnerability, combining exposure and sensitivity components, can provide precedent for efficient, targeted action to be taken to reduce the impact of heat waves at present and under climate change.