Are small-scale overstory gaps effective in promoting the development of regenerating oaks (Quercus ithaburensis) in the forest understory?

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• 作者：Arnon Cooper ; Yossi Moshe ; Ela Zangi ; Yagil Osem
• 关键词：Photosynthesis ; Stomatal conductance ; Plant acclimation ; Forest management ; Mediterranean
• 刊名：New Forests
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：November 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：45
• 期：6
• 页码：843-857
• 全文大小：504 KB
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• 作者单位：Arnon Cooper (1) (2)
  Yossi Moshe (1)
  Ela Zangi (1)
  Yagil Osem (1)
  
  1. Department of Natural Resources, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
  2. The Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
  
• ISSN：1573-5095

文摘

We investigated the effect of small-scale overstory gaps on the ecophysiology and growth of Quercus ithaburensis saplings. The study aim was to characterize how changes in daily exposure to direct beam radiation affect photosynthetic performance in the short term and growth and biomass partitioning in the long term. Using individual net-houses, the following treatments were applied: (a) Unshaded (daily irradiance?=?100?%), (b) shading net with no gap (Shade-daily irradiance?=?6?%), (c) shading net with 1?h gap allowing direct beam radiation (11:00?am-2:00?pm, Shade+1-irradiance?=?20?%), (d) shading net with 3?h gap (11:00?am-:00?pm, Shade+3-irradiance?=?44?%). The experiment was performed in an irrigated field. We measured growth, biomass allocation, leaf traits, daily courses of leaf gas exchange and water potential. Oak dry-weight increased while height to dry-weight ratio and specific leaf area decreased with increasing daily exposure to direct beam radiation. Leaf chlorophyll content was less affected. Higher net carbon assimilation rates (A), stomatal conductance (gs) and A/gs were associated with higher instantaneous photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) throughout the entire experimental PPFD range. However, during gap-hours, while exposed to saturating radiation levels of similar level (ca. 1,800?μmol photon m??s?), A in the Shade+1 oaks was about half that of the Shade+3 oaks and nearly one-third that of the Unshaded oaks. Patterns of gs, intercellular CO2 (Ci) and quantum efficiency of photosystem II pointed towards the possibility of a metabolic limitation. In conclusion, oaks benefited significantly from small scale overstory gaps though their capacity to utilize transient saturating radiation levels decreased with decreasing gap duration.