Revealing the maternal demographic history of Panthera leo using ancient DNA and a spatially explicit genealogical analysis

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• 作者：Ross Barnett (59) (67)
  Nobuyuki Yamaguchi (60)
  Beth Shapiro (61)
  Simon YW Ho (62)
  Ian Barnes (63)
  Richard Sabin (64)
  Lars Werdelin (65)
  Jacques Cuisin (66)
  Greger Larson (59)
  
  59. Durham Evolution and Ancient DNA ; Department of Archaeology ; Durham University ; Durham ; DH1 3LE ; UK
  67. Centre for GeoGenetics ; K酶benhavn Universitet ; The Natural History Museum 脴ster Voldgade ; Copenhagen ; 5-7 DK-1350 ; Denmark
  60. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences ; Qatar University ; Doha ; Qatar
  61. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology ; University of California Santa Cruz ; Santa Cruz ; CA ; 95064 ; USA
  62. School of Biological Sciences ; University of Sydney ; Sydney ; NSW ; 2006 ; Australia
  63. School of Biological Sciences ; Royal Holloway University of London ; Egham ; Surrey ; TW20 0EX ; UK
  64. Department of Life Science ; Natural History Museum ; Cromwell Road ; London ; SW7 5BD ; UK
  65. Department of Palaeobiology ; Swedish Museum of Natural History ; Box 50007 ; Stockholm ; SE-10405 ; Sweden
  66. Mus茅um National d鈥橦istoire Naturelle ; 54 Rue Cuvier ; Paris ; 75005 ; France
  
• 关键词：Barbary lion ; Panthera leo ; Extinction ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Ancient DNA ; Phylogeography
• 刊名：BMC Evolutionary Biology
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：14
• 期：1
• 全文大小：1,079 KB
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• 刊物主题：Evolutionary Biology; Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography; Entomology; Genetics and Population Dynamics; Life Sciences, general;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：1471-2148

文摘

Background Understanding the demographic history of a population is critical to conservation and to our broader understanding of evolutionary processes. For many tropical large mammals, however, this aim is confounded by the absence of fossil material and by the misleading signal obtained from genetic data of recently fragmented and isolated populations. This is particularly true for the lion which as a consequence of millennia of human persecution, has large gaps in its natural distribution and several recently extinct populations. Results We sequenced mitochondrial DNA from museum-preserved individuals, including the extinct Barbary lion (Panthera leo leo) and Iranian lion (P. l. persica), as well as lions from West and Central Africa. We added these to a broader sample of lion sequences, resulting in a data set spanning the historical range of lions. Our Bayesian phylogeographical analyses provide evidence for highly supported, reciprocally monophyletic lion clades. Using a molecular clock, we estimated that recent lion lineages began to diverge in the Late Pleistocene. Expanding equatorial rainforest probably separated lions in South and East Africa from other populations. West African lions then expanded into Central Africa during periods of rainforest contraction. Lastly, we found evidence of two separate incursions into Asia from North Africa, first into India and later into the Middle East. Conclusions We have identified deep, well-supported splits within the mitochondrial phylogeny of African lions, arguing for recognition of some regional populations as worthy of independent conservation. More morphological and nuclear DNA data are now needed to test these subdivisions.