Water supply and sustainability: life cycle assessment of water collection, treatment and distribution service

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• 作者：Adriana Del Borghi (1)
  Carlo Strazza (1)
  Michela Gallo (1)
  Simona Messineo (2)
  Massimiliano Naso (3)
  
• 关键词：Desalination ; Life cycle assessment ; Potable water ; Water ; Water supply ; Waterworks
• 刊名：The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：June 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：18
• 期：5
• 页码：1158-1168
• 全文大小：379KB
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• 作者单位：Adriana Del Borghi (1)
  Carlo Strazza (1)
  Michela Gallo (1)
  Simona Messineo (2)
  Massimiliano Naso (3)
  
  1. Department of Chemical and Process Engineering “G.B. Bonino- University of Genoa, Via all’Opera Pia 15, 16145, Genoa, Italy
  2. Siciliacque Spa-Via G. di Marzo, 35, 90145, Palermo, Italy
  3. Acqua Solutions srl, a Veolia WST Company-Via Lampedusa, 13/D, 20141, Milan, Italy
  
• ISSN：1614-7502

文摘

Purpose The aim of the present paper is to describe the development of a life cycle assessment study of the service of potable water supply in Sicily, Italy. The analysis considers the stages of collection, treatment and distribution of potable water through the regional network, whilst the use stage of water is not included. Methods The selection of a methodological pattern coherently with the requirements of an environmental label, such as the EPDs, aims at allowing comparability among different studies. Results and discussion The analysis shows the shares of impacts along the life cycle chain, i.e. outputs by well fields and spring groups, purification and desalination plants, water losses in the waterworks, electrical consumption of waterworks systems and impacts of network maintenance. With regard to global warming potential (GWP), the impact of purification plants represents a 6-?% share of the total, whilst desalination is at 74?%. Water losses in the waterworks show an impact of 15-7?%; the contribution owing to electrical consumption of waterworks systems and network maintenance results to be 3?%. Desalination plants represent the major contribution to all impact categories considered. Conclusions In respect to management issues, the most relevant impact categories resulted to be GWP, non-renewable energy resources and water consumption. Since the results for non-renewable energy resources are strictly connected to GWP emissions, carbon footprint and water footprint can be profitably used as single-issue indicators without the risk of burden shifting in studies aiming to evaluate the impact of potable water distribution.