Regional specific adaptation of the endothelial glycocalyx dimension in tail-suspended rats

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Hongyan Kang ; Lianwen Sun ; Yunfei Huang…
• 关键词：The endothelial glycocalyx ; Vascular remodeling ; Orthostatic intolerance ; Tail ; suspended rats
• 刊名：Pfl篓鹿gers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：June 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：467
• 期：6
• 页码：1291-1301
• 全文大小：9,737 KB
• 参考文献：1.Barkefors I, Aidun CK, Ulrika Egertsdotter EM (2007) Effect of fluid shear stress on endocytosis of heparan sulfate and low-density lipoproteins. J Biomed Biotechnol 2007:65136. doi:10.-155/-007/-5136 View Article PubMed Central PubMed
  2.Barker ALKO, Neal CR, Macpherson JV, Whatmore JL, Winlove CP, Unwin PR, Shore AC (2004) Observation and characterisation of the glycocalyx of viable human endothelial cells using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 6:6. doi:10.-039/?B312189E View Article
  3.Chew HG Jr, Segal SS (1997) Arterial morphology and blood volumes of rats following 10-4 weeks of tail suspension. Med Sci Sports Exerc 29(10):1304-310View Article PubMed
  4.Constantinescu AA, Vink H, Spaan JA (2003) Endothelial cell glycocalyx modulates immobilization of leukocytes at the endothelial surface. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 23(9):1541-547. doi:10.-161/-1.?ATV.-000085630.-4353.-D View Article PubMed
  5.Cooke WH, Ames JI, Crossman AA, Cox JF, Kuusela TA, Tahvanainen KU, Moon LB, Drescher J, Baisch FJ, Mano T, Levine BD, Blomqvist CG, Eckberg DL (1985) Nine months in space: effects on human autonomic cardiovascular regulation. J Appl Physiol 89(3):1039-045
  6.Curry FE (1986) Determinants of capillary permeability: a review of mechanisms based on single capillary studies in the frog. Circ Res 59(4):367-80View Article PubMed
  7.D'Angelo G, Meininger GA (1994) Transduction mechanisms involved in the regulation of myogenic activity. Hypertension 23(6 Pt 2):1096-105View Article PubMed
  8.Delp MD, Colleran PN, Wilkerson MK, McCurdy MR, Muller-Delp J (2000) Structural and functional remodeling of skeletal muscle microvasculature is induced by simulated microgravity. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 278(6):H1866-873PubMed
  9.Dull RO, Mecham I, McJames S (2007) Heparan sulfates mediate pressure-induced increase in lung endothelial hydraulic conductivity via nitric oxide/reactive oxygen species. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 292(6):L1452-458. doi:10.-152/?ajplung.-0376.-006 View Article PubMed
  10.Edgell H, Kaufman S (2008) Effect of hindlimb unloading on salt and water intake and output in male and female rats. Med Sci Sports Exerc 40(7):1249-254. doi:10.-249/?MSS.-b013e31816a2450-/span> View Article PubMed
  11.Florian JA, Kosky JR, Ainslie K, Pang Z, Dull RO, Tarbell JM (2003) Heparan sulfate proteoglycan is a mechanosensor on endothelial cells. Circ Res 93(10):e136-42. doi:10.-161/-1.?RES.-000101744.-7866.?D5 View Article PubMed
  12.Foley CM, Mueller PJ, Hasser EM, Heesch CM (2005) Hindlimb unloading and female gender attenuate baroreflex-mediated sympathoexcitation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 289(5):R1440-447. doi:10.-152/?ajpregu.-0356.-005 View Article PubMed
  13.Fritsch-Yelle JM, Whitson PA, Bondar RL, Brown TE (1996) Subnormal norepinephrine release relates to presyncope in astronauts after spaceflight. J Appl Physiol (1985) 81 (5):2134-141
  14.Gao F, Bao JX, Xue JH, Huang J, Huang WQ, Wu SX, Zhang LF (2009) Regional specificity of adaptation change in large elastic arteries of simulated microgravity rats. Acta Physiol Hung 96(2):167-87. doi:10.-556/?APhysiol.-6.-009.-.- View Article PubMed
  15.Geary GG, Krause DN, Purdy RE, Duckles SP (1998) Simulated microgravity increases myogenic tone in rat cerebral arteries. J Appl Physiol (1985) 85 (5):1615-621
  16.Gouverneur M, Spaan JA, Pannekoek H, Fontijn RD, Vink H (2006) Fluid shear stress stimulates incorporation of hyaluronan into endothelial cell glycocalyx. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 290(1):H458-52. doi:10.-152/?ajpheart.-0592.-005 View Article PubMed
  17.Grenon SM, Xiao X, Hurwitz S, Sheynberg N, Kim C, Seely EW, Cohen RJ, Williams GH (2006) Why is orthostatic tolerance lower in women than in men? Renal and cardiovascular responses to simulated microgravity and the role of midodrine. J Investig Med 54(4):180-90View Article PubMed
  18.Hargens AR, Richardson S (2009) Cardiovascular adaptations, fluid shifts, and countermeasures related to space flight. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 169(Suppl 1):S30-3. doi:10.-016/?j.?resp.-009.-7.-05 View Article PubMed
  19.Kang H, Liu M, Fan Y, Deng X (2013) A potential gravity-sensing role of vascular smooth muscle cell glycocalyx in altered gravitational stimulation. Astrobiology 13(7):626-36. doi:10.-089/?ast.-012.-944 View Article PubMed Central PubMed
  20.Koo A, Dewey CF Jr, Garcia-Cardena G (2013) Hemodynamic shear stress characteristic of atherosclerosis-resistant regions promotes glycocalyx formation in cultured endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 304(2):C137-46. doi:10.-152/?ajpcell.-0187.-012 View Article PubMed Central PubMed
  21.Lee RM (1987) Preservation of in vivo morphology of blood vessels for morphometric studies. Scanning Microsc 1(3):1287-293PubMed
  22.Lee RM, Forrest JB, Garfield RE, Daniel EE (1983) Comparison of blood vessel wall dimensions
• 作者单位：Hongyan Kang (1)
  Lianwen Sun (1)
  Yunfei Huang (1)
  Zhenze Wang (1)
  Ping Zhao (1)
  Yubo Fan (1)
  Xiaoyan Deng (1)
  
  1. Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China, 100191
  
• 刊物主题：Human Physiology;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-2013

文摘

Previous animal studies by using tail-suspended hindlimb-unloaded rat model have shown that simulated microgravity-induced vessel structural and functional remodeling may be anatomic region dependent. However, little care has been taken to assess the structural adaptation of the endothelial glycocalyx, the apical surface of the endothelium, the key mechanosensor mediating nitric oxide (NO) production, and the natural protective barrier of the vasculature. Therefore, the present study extended simulated microgravity-induced vessel remodeling to the endothelial glycocalyx level. The percents of bone mineral density (BMD) change from both control and tail-suspended (TS) rats were measured by micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT). Structural parameters such as the luminal diameter (D), the thickness of each layer, the ratio of intima to media (IMR), the cross-sectional areas of the intima (CSA_I) and media (CSA_M) of vessels from three different regions (the common carotid artery, abdominal aorta, and femoral artery) were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Dimensions of the glycocalyx above, below, and away from the endothelial cell nucleus were examined by fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled wheat germ agglutinin (WGA-FITC) binding to the cryosection of vessels. Our results show that 3-week tail suspension of rats increases the thickness and CSA of the abdominal aortic endothelium by 23.7 and 21.1?%, respectively, thickens the media layer of the common carotid artery by 34.0?%, and increases the luminal diameter, the CSA of the intima and media of the femoral artery by 75.7, 93, and 61.2?%, respectively. Correspondingly, the dimension of the glycocalyx away from the common carotid arterial and the abdominal aortic endothelial cell nucleus from tail-suspended rats shows a 1.66- and 1.64-fold increase respectively, while it shows a 0.79-fold reduction on the top of the femoral endothelial cells. These results suggest that simulated microgravity induces vascular endothelial glycocalyx remodeling in a regional-dependent manner. The perturbation of the endothelial glycocalyx at the lower body artery may be the first event of vascular remodeling initiating endothelial dysfunction, contributing to postspaceflight orthostatic intolerance.