Metals, Parasites, and Environmental Conditions Affecting Breeding Populations of Spotted Salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) in Northern Arkansas, USA

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• 作者：Heather M. DeMali ; Stanley E. Trauth…
• 刊名：Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：June 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：96
• 期：6
• 页码：732-737
• 全文大小：599 KB
• 刊物主题：Pollution, general; Environmental Health; Ecotoxicology; Soil Science & Conservation; Environmental Chemistry; Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1432-0800
• 卷排序：96

文摘

The spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) is indigenous to northern Arkansas, and several breeding sites are known to exist in the region. Spotted salamanders (n = 17) were collected and examined for parasites and only three females harbored nematodes (Physaloptera spp.). Chronic aquatic bioassays were conducted using water collected from eight breeding ponds during different hydroperiod events. No lethal or sublethal effects were measured in Ceriodaphnia dubia; however, decreased growth and survival were seen in Pimephales promelas. Aqueous, sediment, and salamander hepatic samples were analyzed for As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Ni. Metal analysis revealed possible increased metal exposure following precipitation, with greatest metal concentrations measured in sediment samples. Hepatic metal concentrations were similar in parasitized and non-parasitized individuals, and greatest Pb concentrations were measured following normal precipitation events. Determining environmental stressors of amphibians, especially during their breeding and subsequent larval life stage, is imperative to improve species conservation.KeywordsAmphibianAquatic bioassayBreeding seasonPrecipitationToxicityWater quality