Children’s Nonverbal Displays of Winning and Losing: Effects of Social and Cultural Contexts on Smiles

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Phoebe H. C. Mui ; Martijn B. Goudbeek ; Marc G. J. Swerts…
• 关键词：Children ; Context ; Culture ; Smile ; Sociality
• 刊名：Journal of Nonverbal Behavior
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：March 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：41
• 期：1
• 页码：67-82
• 全文大小：982KB
• 刊物类别：Behavioral Science
• 刊物主题：Personality and Social Psychology; Sociology, general; Social Sciences, general;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1573-3653
• 卷排序：41

文摘

We examined the effects of social and cultural contexts on smiles displayed by children during gameplay. Eight-year-old Dutch and Chinese children either played a game alone or teamed up to play in pairs. Activation and intensity of facial muscles corresponding to Action Unit (AU) 6 and AU 12 were coded according to Facial Action Coding System. Co-occurrence of activation of AU 6 and AU 12, suggesting the presence of a Duchenne smile, was more frequent among children who teamed up than among children who played alone. Analyses of the intensity of smiles revealed an interaction between social and cultural contexts. Whereas smiles, both Duchenne and non-Duchenne, displayed by Chinese children who teamed up were more intense than those displayed by Chinese children who played alone, the effect of sociality on smile intensity was not observed for Dutch children. These findings suggest that the production of smiles by children in a competitive context is susceptible to both social and cultural factors.