Manipulation and Joule heat welding of Ag nanowires prepared by atomic migration

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Hironori Tohmyoh (1) tohmyoh@ism.mech.tohoku.ac.jp
  Satoru Fukui (1)
• 关键词：Ag &#8211 ; Nanowires &#8211 ; Joule heat &#8211 ; Welding &#8211 ; Atomic migration &#8211 ; Electrostatic force
• 刊名：Journal of Nanoparticle Research
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：September 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：14
• 期：9
• 全文大小：648.9 KB
• 参考文献：1. Bhattacharyya SR, Datta D, Shyjumon I, Smirnov BM, Chini TK, Ghose D, Hippler R (2009) Growth and melting of silicon supported silver nanocluster films. J Phys D Appl Phys 42:035306
  2. Blech IA (1976) Electromigration in thin aluminum films on titanium nitride. J Appl Phys 47:1203–1208
  3. Blech IA, Petroff PM, Tai KL, Kumar V (1975) Whisker growth in Al thin films. J Cryst Growth 32:161–169
  4. Dong L, Tao X, Zhang L, Zhang X, Nelson BJ (2007) Nanorobotic spot welding: controlled metal deposition with attogram precision from copper-filled carbon nanotubes. Nano Lett 7:58–63
  5. Fukui S, Tohmyoh H (2011) Tip to side welding of ultrathin Pt wires by Joule heating. Jpn J Appl Phys 50:057201
  6. Hirayama H, Kawamoto Y, Ohshima Y, Takayanagi K (2001) Nanospot welding of carbon nanotubes. Appl Phys Lett 79:1169
  7. Hoshino K, Hitsuoka Y (2005) One-step template-free electrosynthesis of cobalt nanowires from aqueous [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 solution. Electrochem Commun 7:821–828
  8. Hu J, Ouyang M, Yang P, Lieber CM (1999) Controlled growth and electrical properties of heterojunctions of carbon nanotubes and silicon nanowires. Nature 399:48–51
  9. Jin C, Suenaga K, Iijima S (2007) Plumbing carbon nanotubes. Nat Nanotechnol 3:17–21
  10. Kim SJ, Jang D-J (2005) Laser-induced nanowelding of gold nanoparticles. Appl Phys Lett 86:033112
  11. Lee FY, Fung KH, Tang TL, Tam WY, Chan CT (2009) Fabrication of gold nano-particle arrays using two-dimensional templates from holographic lithography. Curr Appl Phys 9:820–825
  12. Lu L, Sui ML, Lu K (2000) Superplastic extensibility of nanocrystalline copper at room temperature. Science 287:1463–1466
  13. Lu Y, Huang JY, Wang C, Sun S, Lou J (2010) Cold welding of ultrathin gold nanowires. Nat Nanotechnol 5:218–224
  14. Padgett CW, Brenner DW (2004) Influence of chemisorption on the thermal conductivity of single-wall carbon nanotubes. Nano Lett 4:1051–1053
  15. Peng Y, Cullis T, Inkson B (2009) Bottom-up nanoconstruction by the welding of individual metallic nanoobjects using nanoscale solder. Nano Lett 9:91–96
  16. Sacharoff AC, Westervelt RM (1984) Physical properties of ultrathin drawn Pt wires. Phys Rev B 29:6411–6418
  17. Saka M, Yamaya F, Tohmyoh H (2007) Rapid and mass growth of stress-induced nanowhiskers on the surfaces of evaporated polycrystalline Cu films. Scr Mater 56:1031–1034
  18. Sasagawa K, Naito K, Saka M, Ab茅 H (1999) A method to predict electromigration failure of metal lines. J Appl Phys 86:6043–6051
  19. Sun Y, Rogers JA (2004) Fabricating semiconductor nano/microwires and transfer printing ordered arrays of them onto plastic substrates. Nano Lett 4:1953–1959
  20. Tan S, Tang Z, Liang X, Kotov NA (2004) Resonance tunneling diode structures on CdTe nanowires made by conductive AFM. Nano Lett 4:1637–1641
  21. Thong JTL, Oon CH, Yeadon M, Zhang DW (2002) Field-emission induced growth of nanowires. Appl Phys Lett 81:4823
  22. Tohmyoh H (2009) A governing parameter for the melting phenomenon at nanocontacts by Joule heating and its application to joining together two thin metallic wires. J Appl Phys 105:014907
  23. Tohmyoh H, Fukui S (2009) Self-completed Joule heat welding of ultrathin Pt wires. Phys Rev B 80:155403
  24. Tohmyoh H, Imaizumi T, Hayashi H, Saka M (2007) Welding of Pt nanowires by Joule heating. Scr Mater 57:953–956
  25. Tohmyoh H, Yasuda M, Saka M (2010) Controlling Ag whisker growth using very thin metallic films. Scr Mater 63:289–292
  26. Tsukatani Y, Yamasaki N, Murakami K, Wakaya F, Takai M (2005) Transport properties of Pt nanowires fabricated by beam-induced deposition. Jpn J Appl Phys 44:5683–5686
  27. Wang ZL, Petroski JM, Green TC, El-Sayed MA (1998) Shape transformation and surface melting of cubic and tetrahedral platinum nanocrystals. J Phys Chem B 102:6145–6151
  28. Wang J, Gudiksen MS, Duan X, Cui Y, Lieber CM (2001) Highly polarized photoluminescence and photodetection from single indium phosphide nanowires. Science 293:1455–1457
  29. Wu B, Heidelberg A, Boland JJ (2005) Mechanical properties of ultrahigh-strength gold nanowires. Nat Mater 4:525–529
  30. Xia X, Yang P, Sun Y, Wu Y, Mayers B, Gates B, Yin Y, Kim F, Yan H (2003) One-dimensional nanostructures: synthesis, characterization, and applications. Adv Mater 15:353–389
  31. Xu S, Tian M, Wang J, Xu J, Redwing JM, Chan MHW (2005) Nanometer-scale modification and welding of silicon and metallic nanowires with a high-intensity electron beam. Small 1:1221–1229
  32. Yu MF, Dyer MJ, Skidmore GD, Rohrs HW, Lu XK, Ausman KD, Ehr JRV, Ruoff RS (1999) Three-dimensional manipulation of carbon nanoturbes under a scanning electron microscope. Nanotechnology 10:244–252
• 作者单位：1. Department of Nanomechanics, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-01, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
• ISSN：1572-896X

文摘

Ag nanowires (NWs) with diameters of about 200 nm and length of 2–7 μm are prepared on a substrate by an atomic migration called stress-induced migration and are picked up from the substrate with electrostatic forces. The Ag NWs are then offered for the welding experiment in a scanning electron microscope and successfully welded together using Joule heating introduced into the NWs by supplying the constant direct current. It is discovered that the welding of Ag NWs is achieved under the current supply in a self-completed manner. The conditions for successful Joule heat welding are analyzed by the parameter that governs the melting phenomenon at the nanocontacts of two NWs. From the experiment and the analysis, electromigration, i.e., another type of atomic migration due to higher electron flow, is found to be occurred during the welding and this is considered to enhance the welding performance of two NWs with Joule heat.