Flow sensing in developing Xenopus laevis is disrupted by visual cues and ototoxin exposure

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• 作者：Andrea Megela Simmons (1) (2)
  Michaela Warnecke (2)
  Thanh Thao Vu (2)
  Andrew T. Stevens Smith (2)
  
  1. Department of Cognitive ; Linguistic and Psychological Sciences ; Brown University ; Providence ; RI ; 02912 ; USA
  2. Department of Neuroscience ; Brown University ; Providence ; RI ; 02912 ; USA
  
• 关键词：Lateral line ; Neuromast ; Rheotaxis ; Tadpole ; Xenopus laevis
• 刊名：Journal of Comparative Physiology A
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：February 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：201
• 期：2
• 页码：215-233
• 全文大小：1,481 KB
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• 刊物主题：Animal Physiology; Neurosciences; Zoology;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1351

文摘

We explored how lateral line cues interact with visual cues to mediate flow sensing behaviors in the nocturnal developing frog, Xenopus laevis, by exposing animals to current flows under different lighting conditions and after exposure to the ototoxin gentamicin. Under dark conditions, Xenopus tadpoles move downstream at the onset of current flow, then turn, and orient toward the direction of the flow with high accuracy. Postmetamorphic froglets also exhibit positive rheotaxis but with less accuracy and longer latency. The addition of discrete light cues to an otherwise dark environment disrupts rheotaxis and positioning. Orientation is less accurate, latency to orient is longer, and animals do not move as far downstream in the presence of light. Compared with untreated tadpoles tested in the dark, tadpoles exposed to gentamicin show less accurate rheotaxis with longer latency and do not move as far downstream in response to flow. These effects are compounded by the presence of light cues. The disruptive effects of light on flow sensing in Xenopus emphasize the disturbances to natural behaviors that may be produced by anthropogenic illumination in nocturnal habitats.