Identification of dissolved sulfate sources and the role of sulfuric acid in carbonate weathering using δ13CDIC and δ34S in karst area, northern China

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• 作者：Huang Qibo ; Qin Xiaoqun ; Yang Qiyong ; Liu Pengyu…
• 关键词：Karst water ; Carbon isotope ; Sulfate isotope ; Sulphuric acid ; China
• 刊名：Environmental Earth Sciences
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：75
• 期：1
• 全文大小：1,088 KB
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• 作者单位：Huang Qibo (1) (2) (3)
  Qin Xiaoqun (2) (3)
  Yang Qiyong (2) (3)
  Liu Pengyu (2) (3)
  Zhang Jinsong (2) (3)
  
  1. School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
  2. Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin, 541004, China
  3. Karst Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, 541004, China
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：None Assigned
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1866-6299

文摘

Karst groundwater is one of the most important water resources for agriculture and industry in Fenyang City of Shanxi province, northern China. In the last few decades, excessive exploitation of groundwater and other human activities have caused serious environmental problems in this area. Hence, it is essential to identify the resources of pollutants that deteriorate the water quality in the area. A total of 16 water samples were collected to assess the hydrochemical characteristics from wells and springs in bare karst area, northern Fenyang and covered karst region, south of the city. The chemical composition of groundwater was characterized by a dominance of Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO₃ −, and SO₄ 2−, which accounted for more than 85 % of the total ion concentrations, indicating that limestone dissolution by weathering controls water chemical composition. SO₄ 2− in the groundwater showed high positive significant correlation with HCO₃ − and δ13C_DIC, showing that carbonate dissolution by sulfuric acid has important contribution to groundwater chemical composition and δ13C_DIC value. The relationship between δ34S and 1/SO₄ 2− revealed that the sources of SO₄ 2− are different in various types of groundwater. In the bare karst area, SO₄ 2− in springs mainly came from atmospheric precipitation, while in the shallow wells it mainly came from human activities; in the covered karst region, SO₄ 2− in quaternary pores water was mainly from anthropogenic inputs, while in the deep wells it was mainly from gypsum dissolution; in gypsum mine water, SO₄ 2+ was mainly from gypsum dissolution. Comparing with the bare karst area, human activities have significantly changed the chemical composition of groundwater in the covered karst region. Therefore, more control policies and measures should be formulated and applied to protect the covered karst region in the future.