Fuel cell materials and components
- 作者：Haile ; Sossina M.
- 关键词：Fuel cells ; Solid electrolytes ; Electroceramics ; Polymers ; Platinum group metals
- 刊名：Acta Materialia
- 出版年：2003
- 期刊代码：1_13596454
- 类别：ms
- 出版时间：November 25, 2003
- 卷：51
- 期：1
- 页码：5981-6000
- 文件大小：2.06 M
摘要
Fuel cells offer the possibility of zero-emissions electricity generation and increased energy security. We review here the current status of solid oxide (SOFC) and polymer electrolyte membrane (PEMFC) fuel cells. Such solid electrolyte systems obviate the need to contain corrosive liquids and are thus preferred by many developers over alkali, phosphoric acid or molten carbonate fuel cells. Dramatic improvements in power densities have been achieved in both SOFC and PEMFC systems through reduction of the electrolyte thickness and architectural control of the composite electrodes. Current efforts are aimed at reducing SOFC costs by lowering operating temperatures to 500–800 °C, and reducing PEMFC system complexity be developing ‘water-free’ membranes which can also be operated at temperatures slightly above 100 °C.