摘要
针对高速干切数控螺旋锥齿轮铣齿机存在的稳定性差、加工精度低、所加工的工件齿面有振纹等技术问题,对机床进行了深入的研究。通过研究发现铣削力是机床运行状态和加工品质的重要表征参数。基于国产高速干切数控螺旋锥齿轮铣齿机的实际铣齿工况,提出了采用同时监测刀具主轴和工件主轴电机电流来反映铣削力的间接测量方法。为了建立刀具主轴电机电流与铣削力间的模型,从分析机床的主轴系统入手,建立了刀具主轴系统运动学模型;利用双轴力矩电机电流监测法,对电流信号进行时频分析,并采用数值分析的方法对电机电流信号进行处理,对刀具主轴系统运动学模型中的待定参数进行了标定,建立了主轴系统电机电流信号与铣削力间的模型。利用该模型,可实时监测机床刀具主轴的铣削力,为机床结构的优化设计和加工工艺参数的改进提供了数据支持。
In view of the technical problems of poor stability,low machining accuracy,marks on the tooth surfaces of workpieces and others,and focusing attention on a high speed dry cutting CNC spiral bevel gear milling machine,the machine was thoroughly investigated. The study shows that the milling force is the important characterization of the tool running states and machining quality parameters. An indirect scheme was put forward based on the actual working conditions of national high speed dry cutting CNC spiral bevel gear cutting machines. In the scheme,the milling force was reflected by monitoring the motor currents of the tool spindle and workpiece spindle. The spindle system of the machine tool was analyzed,aiming at building a model to express the relation between the tool spindle motor current and the milling force. The tool spindle system kinematic model was established,the motor current was monitored by using the double spindle's torque measurement method,and then,a time-frequency analysis was carried out on the current signals. Some mathematical methods were applied to process the data. All the measures were quoted to realize a final purpose,that is,to calibrate the undefined parameters of the kinematic model of the cutting spindle system and accomplish the model for the tool spindle motor current and the milling force. The milling force can be monitored by this model in real-time. The results can provide data support for the optimum design of machine tool structures and the improvement of technological parameters.
引文
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