摘要
针对当前我国割胶机成本昂贵、作业难度大等问题,设计了一种可独立操作半自动轨道式割胶机,其机构简单、便于操作.利用Solidworks软件对割胶机进行总体设计,并对导轨装置、行走机构和切割装置进行参数化实体建模,将整机关键零部件导入Solidworks simulation,利用模态频率、静应力、载荷算例进行有限元结构分析,得到前5阶频率振型及应力、应变、位移云图.分析结果表明,振动变形主要发生在抵触杆与橡胶树表皮接触位置,且在小振幅和低阶模态频率(其值达到11.95 Hz)时,导轨装置与行走机构不会产生共振,行走机构没有出现明显的应力、应变集中,但导轨内壁的导向轮容易产生较大的位移变形;L型割胶刀上表面的Mises应力沿切应力方向递增时,割胶刀拉扯阻力将沿相同方向增大,但位移变形量不受影响.本分析为割胶机的设计和改进提供了方法和依据.
In view of the problems of high cost and difficult operation of tapping machines in China,we designed a kind of semi-automatic track tapping machine that can operate independently.Its mechanism is simple and easy to operate.We used Solidworks software to make the overall design of the tapping machine and parameterized solid modeling of the rail device,walking agencies and cutting device.We imported the key parts of the whole tapping machine into Solidworks simulation software,used modal frequency,static stress and load case for finite element structural analysis,and obtained the first 5 levels of frequency modes and stress,strain and displacement maps.The results of analysis showed that vibratory deformation mainly occurred at the point of contact between the contact rod and the epidermis of the rubber tree,and at small and low-order modal frequencies(up to 11.95 Hz),the rail device and the walking agencies did not resonate;that no obvious stress strain concentrated appeared in the walking agencies,but displacement deformation was likely to occur in the guide wheel at the inner wall of the guide rail;and that when the Mises stress of the upper surface of the L-type tapping knife increased along the direction of the shear stress,the tapping resistance of the tapping knife increased in the same direction,and the displacement deformation was not affected.
引文
[1]祁栋灵,王秀全,张志扬,等.世界天然橡胶产业现状及科技对其推动力分析[J].热带农业科学,2013,33(1):61-66.[2]魏小弟.高产高效是割胶技术的永恒主题[J].中国热带农业,2009,31(6):38-39.[3]ZHAO Yue,ZHOU Li-min,CHEN Yue-yi,et al.MYC Genes with Differential Responses to Tapping,Mechanical Wounding,Ethrel and Methyl Jasmonate in Laticifers of Rubber Tree(Hevea Brasiliensis Muell.Arg.)[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2011,168(14):1649-1658.[4]AN F,CAI X,ROOKES J,et al.Latex Dilution Reaction During the Tapping Flow Course of Hevea Brasiliensis,and the Effect of Ethrel Stimulation[J].Brazilian Journal of Botany,2015,38(2):211-221.[5]张慧,张燕.基于PLC控制的小型割胶机的设计[J].农机化研究,2015,37(1):168-170+195.[6]袁灵龙.高效电动割胶刀:中国,201520279540.8[P].2015-08-19.[7]郑勇,张以山,曹建华,等.4GXJ-I型电动胶刀采胶对割胶和产胶特性影响的研究[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(9):1725-1735.[8]许振昆,吴纪营,张兴明.一种割胶机及割胶方法:中国,201610369643.2[P].2016-10-26.[9]许振昆.一种割胶机:中国,201410706500.7[P].2015-03-25.[10]李乔.一种用于橡胶树采胶的自动割胶机:中国,201420358369.5[P].2014-11-26.[11]黄敞,郑勇,张以山,等.一种割胶机:中国,201611005448.8[P].2017-05-31.[12]张俊雄,张顺路,盛希宇,等.一种挠性仿形割胶装置:中国,201710172184.3[P].2017-07-14.[13]韩煜杰,李云伍,赵华慧,等.基于SPH算法的立式旋耕刀土壤切削仿真模拟[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(12):150-155.
