摘要
针对早期钢包烘烤器能耗高、烘烤温度低、烘烤质量差等问题,设计了基于高风温燃烧技术的蓄热式钢包烘烤器控制系统。采用PLC控制的空气单预热蓄热式钢包烘烤器结构,分析了机械传动与控制系统原理,提出了基于智能积分型时间比例控温算法的钢包烘烤器控温策略。根据控温误差及误差变化率,优化不同的积分速度系数,整定最佳的导通时间和关断时间比值、积分时间和最佳高、低过冲量抑制值,使系统能有效克服快速升温造成的上过冲量及快速降温造成的下过冲量。通过控制煤气流量和蓄热式烧嘴的定时切换,实现了对钢包温度的自动控制。通过鞍钢2150车间的应用结果表明,蓄热体可预热助燃空气达1 000℃以上,排烟温度可降至150℃左右,燃烧器火焰稳定,污染物和NO_x排放量少,控制系统工作稳定,烘烤时间短,控温精准,钢包内温度场均匀,节能效果明显。
To against the disadvantages of early ladle baking m achines,e.g.,high energy consumption,low baking temperature,and poor baking quality,etc.,the control system for regenerative ladle baking machine is designed based on high blast temperature combustion technology. The structure of single air preheating regenerative ladle baking machine controlled by PLC is adopted,the principles of mechanical transmission and control system are analyzed,the temperature control strategy based on intelligent integral type time proportional temperature control algorithm for ladle baking is proposed. In accordance with the temperature control error and the directions of the error changing rate,different integral velocity coefficients are optimized,and the best ratio of on/off time,integration time,best high and low overshoot suppression values are tuned,to make the system effectively overcome the up and down overshooting values caused by rapid heating and cooling. By controlling the gas flow rate and timing switchover of the regenerative burner,the automatic temperature control of ladle is implemented. The results of application in Angang 2150 workshop show that the temperature of combustion-supporting air can be preheated to 1 000 ℃ by the regenerator,and the temperature of exhaust smoke can be reduced to 150 ℃; the burner flame is stable,the emissions of pollutants and NOx are small; the control system is working stably with short baking time,temperature control is precise,the temperature field in the ladle is even,and the effect of energy saving is obvious.
引文
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