摘要
目的了解平远县近10年结核病的流行病学特征,为结核病防控工作提供科学依据。方法对2008-2017年平远县辖区综合医院及结核病防治机构网络直报的1 555例结核病病例作为研究对象,分析其流行病学特征。结果 2008-2017年平远县共报告结核病1 555例,年发病率分别为84.8/10万、93.8/10万、69.6/10万、65.7/10万、66.7/10万、60.3/10万、66.0/万、66.7/10万、36.7/10万、52.7/10万,年平均发病率为72.5/10万,发病率最高是2009年(93.8/10万),最低是2016年(36.7/10万)。涂阳肺结核发病率为36.5/10万,涂阴肺结核发病率为36.3/10万,基本持平。10年间发病呈下降趋势。男性占83.5%,女性占16.5%。年龄分布以60～岁年龄段最高,占31.9%。职业以农民为主,占83.8%。结论平远县结核病发病率仍处在较高的水平,加强结核病知识宣传、加大病例筛查力度是农村的结核病防治的关键工作。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Pingyuan county in recent 10 years, and provide scientific basis for tuberculosis control and prevention. Method The epidemiological characteristics of 1 555 tuberculosis cases from the network of general hospital and tuberculosis control and prevention organizations in Pingyuan county from 2008 to 2017 were studied. Results 1 555 cases of tuberculosis were reported in Pingyuan county from 2008 to 2017; with the annual incidence rates were 84.8/105, 93.8/105, 69.6/105, 65.7/105,66.7/105, 60.3/105, 66.0/105,66.7/10 5, 36.7/105, 52.7/105, the average annual incidence rate was 72.5/105. The highest incidence rate was 93.8/10' in2009, and the lowest was 36.7/105 in 2016. The incidence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 36.5/105, and the incidence of smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis was 36.3/105. Male accounted for 83.5% and female accounted for 16.5%. The age distribution was mainly 60～years old,accounting for 31.9%. The occupational distribution was mainly farmers, accounting for 83.8%. Conclusions The incidence of tuberculosis is still at a high level in Pingyuan county. The key of tuberculosis control and prevention work in rural areas are strengthening tuberculosis knowledge publicity and increasing case screening efforts.
引文
[1]申振元,陈正利,马桂芳,等. 2008年河南省肺结核疫情特点流行病学分析[J].河南预防医学杂志,2010,21(1):48-50.
[2]黄江梅,杜春华. 276例确诊结核病病例流行病学特征分析[J].卫生软科学,2012,26(1):68-69.
[3]彭克发.对彭水自治县近10年来肺结核疾病流行病学特征的调查与分析[J].当代医药论坛,2015,13(1):175-176.
[4]肖文联,武传仁,黄宝扬.柳州市2005-2007年结核病疫情分析[J].职业与健康,2015,24(24):2698-2699.
[5]王中盛,王跃进,李镇平. 337例痰阳性肺结核病患者的流行病学特征分析[J].安徽医科大学学报,2012,47(3):338-339.
[6]黄爱萍. 2013-2016年西林县肺结核病流行病学特征分析[J].大家健康,2017,11(15):12.
[7]杨圣元,叶为民,孙兰,等. 2006-2015年上海闵行区华漕镇肺结核疫情分析[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2017,28(4):126-127.
[8]董珊.灵川县l5年结核病发病情况动态分析[J].现代医药卫生,2006,22(17):2737-2738.
[9]张俊辉,李晓松,叶运莉.我国结核病危险因素的Meta分析[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(2):207-209,212.
[10]陈伟,陈秋兰,夏愔愔,等. 2008-2012年我国学生结核病疫情特征分析[J].中国防痨杂志,2013,35(12):949-954.
[11]陈威涛,马春兰. 2011-2016年甘肃省古浪县结核病防治成效分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2017,32(6):24-26.
[12]吴清芳,吕德良,管红云,等. 2007-2016年深圳市肺结核病流行特征[J].热带医学杂志,2018,18(1):86-89.
[13]刘立新. 2014-2016年西华县活动结核病人发现状况分析[J].河南预防医学杂志,2018,29(5):393-394.
[14]余雅,胡代玉,吴成果,等.重庆市医疗机构对肺结核患者发现的贡献作用[J].重庆医学,2017,46(34):4810-4813.
[15]管红云,谭卫国,杨应周,等. 2009~2013年深圳市学生结核病流行特征分析[J].临床肺科杂志,2016,21(8):1496-1499.
