摘要
【目的】对2种根砧嫁接的‘洛阳红’盆栽植株叶片的光合特性与叶绿素荧光参数季节性变化进行比较,筛选更适宜盆栽的嫁接‘洛阳红’砧木。【方法】以‘洛阳红’为接穗,芍药根和凤丹根为砧木,测定2种根砧嫁接‘洛阳红’叶片的净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、单叶瞬时水分利用效率(WUE)、羧化速率(CE)等光合特性以及初始荧光(F_0)、最大荧光(F_m)、PSⅡ的最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、PSⅡ的有效量子产量[Y(Ⅱ)]、光化学淬灭系数(qP)、非光化学淬灭系数(qN)等叶绿素荧光参数,并分析P_n与其他参数的相关性。【结果】盛花期至夏季休眠期,芍药砧‘洛阳红’叶片的P_n始终高于凤丹砧‘洛阳红’。圆桃期至盛花期,芍药砧‘洛阳红’叶片的P_n、CE、WUE、F_m、F_v/F_m、Y(Ⅱ)分别增长了145.86%,245.10%,60.68%,33.27%,8.45%和25.00%,增长幅度较凤丹砧‘洛阳红’大。花后生长期,芍药砧‘洛阳红’叶片qN显著高于凤丹砧‘洛阳红’。相关性分析表明,芍药砧和凤丹砧‘洛阳红’叶片的P_n与CE、T_r均呈极显著正相关,芍药砧‘洛阳红’的P_n与G_s呈显著正相关,凤丹砧‘洛阳红’的P_n与G_s呈极显著正相关;芍药砧‘洛阳红’P_n与F_v/F_m呈极显著正相关,凤丹砧‘洛阳红’P_n与F_v/F_m呈显著正相关,2种根砧‘洛阳红’P_n与Y(Ⅱ)均呈正相关关系,但均未达到显著水平。【结论】芍药砧嫁接‘洛阳红’叶片具有更高的光能利用效率,更适宜作为盆栽‘洛阳红’的砧木。
【Objective】Seasonal changes of photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in leaves of potted‘Luoyang Hong’grafted with two rootstocks were compared to select suitable potted rootstocks for grafted‘Luoyang Hong’.【Method】With the branches of Paeonia suffruticosa‘Luoyang Hong’as scion,roots of Paeonia broteri and Paeonia ostii were used as rootstocks to determine the photosynthetic characteristics including net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),intercellular CO_2 concentration(C_i),transpiration rate(T_r),and single leaf instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE)as well as chlorophyll fluorescence parameters including initial fluorescence(F_0),maximum fluorescence(F_m),maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(F_v/F_m),effective quantum yield of PSⅡ[Y(Ⅱ)],photochemical quenching coefficient(qP),and non-photochemical quenching coefficient(qN).The correlation of Pn with other parameters was also analyzed.【Result】From the full flowering stage to the summer dormancy stage,the Pnof‘Luoyang Hong’grafted on Paeonia broteri root was higher than that on Paeonia ostii root.From the round peach stage to the full flowering stage,P_n,CE,WUE,F_m,F_v/F_m,and Y(Ⅱ)of‘Luoyang Hong’grafted on Paeonia broteri root were increased by 145.86%,245.10%,60.68%,33.27%,8.45% and 25.00%,all were larger than that of Paeonia ostii.In the post-anthesis growth stage,qN of‘Luoyang Hong’grafted on Paeonia broteri root was significantly higher than that on Paeonia ostii.The correlation analysis showed that P_n of tree peony grafted on Paeonia broteri and Paeonia ostii was significantly and positively correlated with CEand Tr.P_n of tree peony grafted on Paeonia broteri was significantly positively correlated with Gsand P_n of tree peony grafted on Paeonia ostii was positively correlated with that of G_s.There was a significantly positive correlation between Pnand F_v/F_m of‘Luoyang Hong’grafted on Paeonia broteri,and P_n of tree peony grafted on Paeonia ostii was positively correlated with F_v/F_m.P_n of the two grafted‘Luoyang Hong’was positively related to Y(Ⅱ)insignificantly.【Conclusion】The leaves of‘Luoyang Hong’grafted on Paeonia broteri root had higher light energy utilization efficiency and Paeonia broteri roots are more suitable as rootstock for potted‘Luoyang Hong’.
引文
[1]Nawaz M A,Imtiaz M,Kong Q,et al.Grafting:a technique to modify ion accumulation in horticultural crops[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2016,7(7):1457-1472.
[2]王磊,高方胜,徐坤.砧穗互作对越冬番茄生长及叶片碳氮同化能力的影响[J].植物生理学报,2017,53(9):1695-1702.Wang L,Gao F S,Xu K.Effect of rootstock-scion interaction on plant growth and leaf carbon-nitrogen assimilation in overwintering tomato[J].Plant Physiology Journal,2017,53(9):1695-1702.
[3]李超,白世践,耿新丽,等.不同砧木对‘赤霞珠’葡萄生长发育的影响[J].果树学报,2016,33(10):1241-1250.Li C,Bai S J,Geng X L,et al.Effects of rootstocks on growth and development of‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grape[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2016,33(10):1241-1250.
[4]郑永强,邓烈,何绍兰,等.几种砧木对哈姆林甜橙植株生长、产量及果实品质的影响[J].园艺学报,2010,37(4):532-538.Zheng Y Q,Deng L,He S L,et al.Effects of seven rootstocks on tree growth,yield and fruit quality of‘Hamlin’sweet orange in South China[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2010,37(4):532-538.
[5]桑婷,杨冬艳,王学梅,等.不同砧木对日光温室秋冬茬嫁接西瓜产量品质及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2017,48(9):43-50.Sang T,Yang D Y,Wang X M,et al.Effect of different rootstocks on yield,quality and chlorophyll fluorescence characters of grafted watermelon in greenhouse autumn-winter planted condition[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2017,48(9):43-50.
[6]李惠,梁曼曼,赵丹,等.不同砧木对‘绿岭’核桃叶片光合和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(2):90-96.Li H,Liang M M,Zhao D,et al.Effects of different rootstocks on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteridtics in‘Lyuling’walnut[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2017,32(2):90-96.
[7]蔡仕珍,李西,潘远智,等.不同光照对蝴蝶花光合特性及生长发育研究[J].草业学报,2013,22(2):264-272.Cai S Z,Li X,Pan Y Z,et al.A study on photosynthetic characteristics and growth and development of Iris japonica under different illumination[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2013,22(2):264-272.
[8]邹长明,王允青,刘英,等.四种豆科作物的光合生理和生长发育对弱光的响应[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(9):909-916.Zou C M,Wang Y Q,Liu Y,et al.Responses of photosynthesis and growth to weak light regime in four legume species[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2015,39(9):909-916.
[9]张志刚,尚庆茂.低温、弱光及盐胁迫下辣椒叶片的光合特性[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(1):123-131.Zhang Z G,Shang Q M.Photosynthetic characteristics of pepper leaves under low temperature,weak light and salt stress[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2010,43(1):123-131.
[10]李泽,谭晓风,卢锟,等.干旱胁迫对两种油桐幼苗生长、气体交换及叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(5):1515-1524.Li Z,Tan X F,Lu K,et al.Influence of drought stress on the growth,leaf gas exchange,and chlorophyll fluorescence in two varieties of tung tree seedlings[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(5):1515-1524.
[11]李文华,张忠良,鲁周民,等.不同枇杷品种光合作用特性研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(11):29-33.Li W H,Zhang Z L,Lu Z M,et al.Comparative study on photosynthetic characteristics of different loquate varieties[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),2005,33(11):29-33.
[12]王佩兰,康华荣,李柏海,等.乡土珍贵树种钩栗幼苗种源间光合生理特性研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(3):38-45.Wang P L,Kang H R,Li B H,et al.Photosynthetic traits of the precious native species of Castanopsis tibetana seedlings among different provenances[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,2016,36(3):38-45.
[13]武启飞,范俊俊,赵明明,等.5个观赏海棠品种光合特性的研究[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(4):64-70.Wu Q F,Fan J J,Zhao M M,et al.Study on photosynthetic characteristics of five ornamental crabapple[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition),2017,41(4):64-70.
[14]李嘉钰.中国牡丹与芍药[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1999:1-57.Li J Y.Chinese tree and herbaceous peonies[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,1999:1-57.
[15]翟敏,李永华,杨秋生.盆栽和地栽牡丹光合特性的比较[J].园艺学报,2008,35(2):251-256.Zhai M,Li Y H,Yang Q S.Comparison of photosynthetic characteristics between potted and field Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2008,35(2):251-256.
[16]刘晓娟,朱丽娟,杨秋生,等.根域限制对牡丹叶片碳代谢的影响[J].林业科学,2012,48(12):53-57.Liu X J,Zhu L J,Yang Q S,et al.Effects of root restriction on carbohydrate metabolism intree peony(Paeonia suffruticosa)leaves[J].Scientia Silvae Sinacae,2012,48(12):53-57.
[17]栗燕.牡丹韧皮部蔗糖转运机理研究及关键基因挖掘[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2017.Li Y.The phloem sucrose transporting mechanism and key genes mining on Paeonia suffruticosa[D].Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University,2017.
[18]王震,朱磊,宋金亮,等.高温胁迫下2,4-表油菜素内酯对西葫芦幼苗生理及光合特性的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,2016(2):198-202.Wang Z,Zhu L,Song J L,et al.Effects of 2,4-epibrassinolide on physiological characteristics and photosyn-thesis of zucchini seedlings(Cucurbita pepo L.)under high temperature stress[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural University,2016(2):198-202.
[19]王佩舒,赵薇,陈景玲,等.高温胁迫对冬小麦旗叶伤害的叶绿素荧光指标初探[J].河南农业大学学报,2016(1):25-32.Wang P S,Zhao W,Chen J L,et al.Study on the index of chlorophyll fluorescence for the flag leaf of winter wheat suffering from high temperature stress[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural University,2016(1):25-32.
[20]李莉,周贝贝,徐慧敏,等.不同砧木品种对核桃树体生长及光合特性的影响[J].林业科学研究,2017,30(3):472-478.Li L,Zhou B B,Xu H M,et al.Effects of different rootstock varieties on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of walnut[J].Forest Research,2017,30(3):472-478.
[21]黄丽.福建省漳江口秋茄、桐花树、白骨壤和木榄光合作用季节动态研究[J].湿地科学,2013,11(1):82-89.Huang L.The seasonal dynamics of photosynthesis of Kandelia candel,Avicennia marina,Aegiceras corniculatum and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza in Zhangjiang estuary[J].Wetland Science,2013,11(1):82-89.
[22]张俊杰,陈宗游,韩愈,等.不同砧木嫁接对‘桂栗一号’大果锥栗苗木生长及光合特性的影响[J].中国农业科技导报,2018(3):10-19.Zhang J J,Chen Z Y,Han Y,et al.Effects of different rootstocks on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of largefruit Castanen henryi‘Guili 1’[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2018(3):10-19.
[23]Baker N R.A possible role for photosystemⅡin environmental perturbations of photosynthesis[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1991,81(4):563-570.
[24]张春平,周慧,何平,等.外源5-氨基乙酰丙酸对盐胁迫下黄连幼苗光合参数及其叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(12):2515-2524.Zhang C P,Zhou H,He P,et al.Effect of exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Coptis chinensis Franch.seedlings under NaCl stress[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2014,34(12):2515-2524.
[25]Xu C,Li D,Zou Q,et al.Effect of drought on chlorophyll fluorescence and xanthophyll cycle components in winter wheat leaves with different ages[J].Acta Photophysiologica Sinica,1999,25:29-37.
[26]洪森荣,王丽,杨星鹏,等.江西地方特色山药盆栽试管苗叶绿素含量以及其光合荧光参数的变化[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2017(10):4357-4366.Hong S R,Wang L,Yang X P,et al.Gene expression profile of haloxylon branch under the stresses of drought and heat in summer season[J].Genomics and Applied Biology,2017(10):4357-4366.
[27]Kramer D M,Johnson G,Kiirats O,et al.New fluorescence parameters for the determination of QA redox state and excitation energy fluxes[J].Photosynthesis Research,2004,79(2):209-218.
[28]韩瑞宏,卢欣石,高桂娟,等.紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)对干旱胁迫的光合生理响应[J].生态学报,2007,27(12):5229-5237.Han R H,Lu X S,Gao G J,et al.Photosynthetic physiological response of alfalfa(Medicago sativa)to drought stress[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(12):5229-5237.
[29]张其德,张建华.限水灌溉和不同施肥方式对冬小麦旗叶某些光合功能的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2000,6(1):24-29.Zhang Q D,Zhang J H.Effects of limited irrigation and different fertilization ways on some photosynthetic functions of flag leaves in winter wheat[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2000,6(1):24-29.
[30]唐敏,翟秀明,姚永红,等.不同茶树品种(系)叶绿素荧光参数季节性差异研究[J].西南农业学报,2015(1):79-83.Tang M,Zhai X M,Yao Y H,et al.Research on seasonal variations of chlorophyll fluorescence parameter of different tea cultivars(lines)[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2015(1):79-83.
