摘要
目的了解徐州地区煤矿粉尘作业工人的健康状况。为做到早期预防、早发现、早治疗,保护劳动者身心健康,进一步开展职业健康监护工作提供依据。方法 2011—2012年选择徐州地区的2家煤矿,对参加职业健康检查的部分井下接尘工人采用统一调查表进行调查,对检查资料进行统计分析。结果肺功能异常率为1.9%,肝脏B超异常率为30.6%(其中脂肪肝检出率为18.3%),胆囊B超异常率为4.2%(其中胆囊壁毛糙检出率为1.4%,胆结石检出率为1.1%),肾脏B超异常率为5.6%(其中肾囊肿检出率为2.8%,肾结石检出率为2.5%),尿常规异常率为15.2%(其中隐血检出率为11.6%),心电图异常率为6.5%(其中T波改变检出率为2.5%,窦性心动过缓检出率为2.0%),高血压检出率为33.1%,乙肝表面抗原阳性率为6.3%,吸烟率为56.3%,饮酒率为55.5%,怀疑尘肺病17例。结论该地区煤矿接尘工人健康状况不容乐观,其高血压、脂肪肝、尿常规隐血阳性检出率较高,高血压严重危害煤矿接尘工人健康。
[Objective]To understand the health status of dust-exposed workers in coal mines of Xuzhou area,provide the basis for carrying out early prevention,early detection and early treatment,protecting the physical and mental health of workers,and further implementing the occupational health surveillance.[Methods]2 coal mines were collected in Xuzhou area from 2011-2012. Some dust-exposed workers who have received the occupational health examination were investigated with unified questionnaire,and the results were analyzed statistically.[Results]The abnormal rate of lung function was 1. 9%,the abnormal rate of hepatic B-type ultrasound was 30. 6%( the detection rate of fatty liver was18. 3%),the abnormal rate of cystic B-type ultrasound was 4. 2%( the detection rate of gallbladder wall rough and gallstone was 1. 4% and 1. 1% respectively),the abnormal rate of renal B-type ultrasound was 5. 6%( the detection rate of renal cyst and renal calculi was 2. 8% and 2. 5% respectively),the abnormal rate of urinalysis was 15. 2%( the detection rate of occult blood was 11. 6%),the abnormal rate of electrocardiogram was 6. 5%( the detection rate of T wave changes and sinus bradycardia was 2. 5% and 2. 0% respectively),the detection rate of hypertension was 33. 1%,and the positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen was 6. 3%. The rate of smoking and drinking was 6. 3% and 55. 5% respectively. There were 17 cases of suspected pneumoconiosis. [Conclusion]The health status of dust-exposed workers in coal mines of Xuzhou area is not optimistic. The detection rates of hypertension,fatty liver and occult blood of urinalysis are high,and the hypertension severely damages the health of dust-exposed workers in coal mines.
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