摘要
目的为探讨陕西省主要叶菜中有机磷农药的膳食暴露风险。方法充分考虑陕西省地域特征,采集472份叶类蔬菜,检测27种有机磷农药。采用国内理论最大膳食摄入(National Theoretical Maximum Daily Intake,NTMDI)法对陕西省叶菜中有机磷进行膳食暴露评估。结果 472份叶菜的检出率为9.96%,超标率为0.42%。总共检出12中有机磷农药,未检出结果以1/2LOD计算,陕西省主要叶菜中有机磷的接触风险指数(Expose Risk Index,ERI)在2.50E-06~3.35E-01之间,其中茼蒿和菜心中的甲拌磷的ERI最高,均为3.35E-01;其次是香菜中氧化乐果的ERI为3.08E-02;油麦菜中氧化乐果的ERI为3.03E-02。陕西省叶菜中有机磷的膳食暴露风险方面,其中菠菜中乐果的风险指数(Relative Index,RI)>100%,其他各种有机磷的RI均<100%,叶菜中有机磷的膳食暴露量在1.55E-03μg/kg bw/d~3.28E-02μg/kg bw/d范围之间。结论乐果的风险指数不可接受,其余各种有机磷的风险指数均可接受;陕西省叶菜中有机磷的膳食暴露量是安全的,提示乐果为重点监管对象。
Objective To study the dietary risk of organophosphates pesticides residues in staple leaf vegetables in Shanxi province. Methods Considering the factors including plant area,472 samples were collected from ten cities in Shanxi province,27 organophosphates pesticides were determined. The dietary exposures were evaluated according to national theoretical maximum daily intake method( NTMDI). Results The detection rate of 472 leafy vegetables was 9. 96%,and the exceeding standard rate was about 0. 42%. 12 kinds of organophosphates pesticides were detected,and the expose risk index of organophosphates pesticides was between 2. 50E-06 and 3. 35E-01 when N. D. results were replaced by 1/2 LOD. The highest of ERI( Expose Risk Index) was phorate of chrysanthemum and brassica campestris,both were 3. 35E-01,and the ERI of omethoate in coriander was 3. 08 E-02,the ERI of omethoate in lettuce was 3. 03E-02. The RI of omethoate in spinach was higher than 100%,the RI( Relative Index) of rest organophosphates pesticides was lower than 100%. The dietary exposure of organophosphates pesticides was between 1. 55E-03μg/kg. bw/d ~ 3. 28E-02μg/kg. bw/d. Conclusion The risk indexes of omethoate was unaccepted,the rest of the organophosphates pesticides risk index can be accepted. The dietary exposure of organophosphates pesticides in staple leaf vegetables in Shaanxi province was safety,more attention should be paid to omethoate.
引文
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