摘要
对金属板料各向异性断裂模型及断裂实验目前的研究进展进行了综述和分析,指出细观损伤力学模型通过考虑基体的塑性各向异性,孔洞的形状、大小及空间分布来描述变形过程中损伤的各向异性演化;连续介质损伤力学模型(CDM)通过将标量形式的损伤因子替换成一个损伤张量来描述材料的各向异性损伤;非耦合型各向异性断裂模型通过改变等效塑性应变增量的度量方法或对应力张量进行线性变换两种方法来描述材料的各向异性断裂。可以通过设计一系列具有不同几何形状的试样或者通过在试样边界上施加不同的载荷组合这两种途径来实现不同应力状态下的断裂实验。此外,开展金属板料厚度方向的实验是今后发展的一个重要方向。
The recent research progress on anisotropic fracture models and fracture tests for sheet metals was analyzed and overviewed.It is indicated that the meso-damage mechanics model incorporates the anisotropic damage evolution by accounting for the effects of plastic anisotropy,void shape,size and spacing.The continuum damage mechanics(CDM) model is extended to anisotropic CDM model by expressing the scalar phenomenological damage as a tensorial damage variable;for uncoupled anisotropic fracture models,anisotropic fracture is described by altering the measurement method of equivalent plastic strain increment or through the linear transformation of the stress tensor.The fracture tests under various stress states can be obtained by designing a series of specimens with different shapes or applying different combinations of loads at the specimen boundary.Besides,to design new out-of-plane specimens and set up relevant out-of-plane test is an important trend for sheet metals in the future.
引文
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