摘要
金属材料的动态塑性变形行为是一个多尺度的瞬变动力学过程,是物理学、力学以及材料科学等学科的交汇点,相关研究对工程应用具有重要的指导意义。动态载荷作用下,微观层面单个缺陷行为与介观层面缺陷群的集体演化行为交织在一起,导致金属材料呈现复杂的宏观力学现象。已有研究表明,金属材料的动态塑性变形与准静态变形存在显著差异,并且受到诸多内部及外部因素的影响。近几十年来,人们发展了位错动力学方法研究金属材料的动态塑性变形。但是由于动态变形问题的复杂性,对动态塑性变形的认识仍然存在不足。本文从计算方法和变形理论两个方面对该领域国内外发展历史及重要进展进行了回顾,以期为动态塑性变形研究提供有益的参考。
Study of the dynamic plastic deformation of crystalline metals is a typical multi-scale problem,and is an assembly point of multi-scale science. Under dynamic loading, behaviors of defects at micro-scale and collective behaviors of an assembly of defects at meso-scale contribute to the complex constitutive behaviors at macroscale together. It is found experimentally that constitutive behavior of metals under dynamic loading quite differs from that under moderate loading conditions, and are influenced by an amount of external and internal factors, which makes it hard to recognize the fundamental origin of the dynamical plastic deformation. Dislocation dynamics method is developed to unravel the dynamical plastic deformation. Despite of several tens of years of studies, physical principle of dynamical plastic deformation is still poorly understood. In this article, we reviewed the study of dynamical plastic deformation based on dislocation dynamics method from the viewpoint of computational method and deformation theory.
引文
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