摘要
目的探讨泌尿系巨大结石发生的相关因素。方法对来自华北、华东、华中、华南和西南地区的227份泌尿系巨大结石标本进行红外光谱分析,结合扫描电镜和X射线能谱分析将结石分为不同类型。比较患者性别、年龄、地区分布,以及结石的发生部位及成分。结果 227例泌尿系巨大结石患者按照发生部位划分,108例(47.6%)为膀胱结石,99例(43.6%)为肾结石,20例(8.8%)为输尿管结石;同时,根据成分分为5类,包括78例(34.5%)尿酸结石,69例(30.4%)草酸钙结石,26例(11.5%)磷酸钙结石,1例(0.4%)磷酸镁铵结石和53例混合型结石。多中心比较显示,华中、华南地区巨大结石以膀胱最常见,主要为尿酸结石,而西南地区巨大结石以肾结石最常见,主要为草酸钙结石。结论泌尿系巨大结石最常发生于膀胱,其次是肾脏,结石类型以尿酸结石为主,其次是草酸钙结石。不同地区结石部位和成分存在差异,华中、华南地区巨大结石以膀胱最常见,以尿酸结石为主,而西南地区巨大结石以肾结石最常见,以草酸钙结石为主。
引文
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