摘要
针对我国高速铁路轮轨关系中钢轨磨耗小、车轮存在凹磨和多边形磨耗、车轮镟修周期短和维护成本高等问题,从轮轨硬度匹配角度,开展轮轨材质硬度摩擦磨损小比例试验、现场轮轨磨损规律测试试验、轮轨磨耗仿真计算等研究,对轮轨硬度匹配指标和方案进行探讨。研究结果表明,轮轨硬度比控制在1.00∶1.00以上,可有效减小车轮磨耗;提高车轮硬度,可抑制和减缓多边形磨耗的产生。建议适当提高我国应用车轮的硬度,推广我国自主研发的强韧性兼备高硬度车轮,延长车轮镟修周期,节约养护维修成本。
To solve problems of high speed wheel-rail interaction, such as less rail wear, concave wear and polygon wear of wheels, short cycle of wheel lathing and high maintenance cost, the paper, from the wheel-rail hardness matching point-of-view, discusses the indicators of hardness matching and different matching plans based on tests and studies, e.g. small-scale test of friction wear of wheel-rail material hardness, test of wear law of on-site wheel-rail, simulating calculation of wheel-rail wear, etc. The results show that the wheel wear can be efficiently reduced if the wheel-rail hardness ratio is controlled over 1.00: 1.00; Wheels with improved hardness and sustained toughness may avoid or mitigate polygon wear. The paper also suggest that the hardness of existing wheels shall be improved appropriately, independently-developed wheels with better hardness and toughness shall be promoted, and the lathing cycle shall be extended to save maintenance cost.
引文
[1]张银花,周清跃,鲍磊,等.国内外高速铁路钢轨性能对比研究[J].中国铁道科学,2015(7):20-26.
[2]张银花,周韶博,张关震,等.高速铁路轮轨硬度匹配技术深化研究报告[R].北京:中国铁道科学研究院,2017.
[3]宋春元,沈文林,李晓峰,等.高速动车组车轮多边形影响因素及抑制措施研究[J].中国铁路,2017(11):33-40.
[4]周清跃,刘丰收,俞喆,等.我国铁路钢轨型面优化研究[J].中国铁路,2017(12):7-12.
[5]周韶博,梁旭,李闯,等.国内外高速铁路轮轨硬度匹配研究与应用综述[J].铁道技术监督,2016(6):33-36.
[6]张银花,周韶博,张关震,等.高速铁路轮轨硬度匹配试验研究[J].中国铁道科学,2017(7):1-7.
[7]YOSHINORI OKAGATA.Design technologies for railway wheels and future prospect[J].Nippon Steel&Sumitomo Metal Technical Report,2013(10):26-33.
[8]张银花,周韶博,李闯,等.高速轮轨硬度匹配优化研究报告[R].北京:中国铁道科学研究院,2016.
[9]方兴,孙善超,古牧,等.高速铁路轮轨关系技术培训团总结报告[R].北京:中国铁道科学研究院,2017.
[10]王文健,汪洪,刘启跃,等.车轮材料对轮轨滚动摩擦磨损行为的影响[J].西南交通大学学报,2013,48(5):909-914.
[11]王文健,张向龙,张继旺,等.碳含量对车轮钢滚动摩擦磨损性能影响[J].铁道学报,2012,34(2):32-35.
[12]R LEWIS,W J WANG,M BURSTOW,et al.Investigation of the Influence of Rail Hardness on the Wear of Rail and Wheel Materials under Dry Conditions[C]//Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Railway Technology:Research,Development and Maintenance.Stirlingshire,2016.
[13]张关震,任瑞铭,丛韬,等.时速250 km等级动车组自主化车轮的耐磨性性能试验研究[J].中国铁道科学,2017(1):118-122.
