摘要
恰当的地下厂房支护设计是保证地下工程安全施工和运行的关键工程技术问题。对国内20座跨度在19.2~32.5 m的地下厂房主厂房边墙围岩支护参数展开归纳研究,提出锚杆、预应力锚索的支护强度与围岩强度应力比、厂房跨度的经验公式。研究表明,在强度应力比k?<3.0时围岩所需锚杆支护强度将显著提高,支护强度与强度应力比呈现–2次奇异性,当3.06.0时围岩所需锚杆加固强度趋于常值;锚索的支护强度与强度应力比呈负幂指数函数关系,当k?<4.0时锚索支护强度增加显著。研究还提出了支护指数的概念和相应的计算公式,发现这20个厂房的锚杆支护指数和锚索支护指数均分布在1.0左右,因此可将支护指数达到1.0作为实际工程支护设计的参考依据,用以评价围岩支护强度是否合理。
The proper design of underground powerhouse support is the key engineering technique to guarantee the safe construction and operation of underground works. By regression analysis of surrounding rock bolting parameters of 20 underground powerhouses with a span of 19.2 m to 32.5 m, this paper puts forward the empirical formula of the relationship between the supporting intensity of the anchor bar, strength-stress ratio and workshop span, and the relationship between the supporting intensity of the prestressed anchor, strength-stress ratio and workshop span. The research results show that, when the strength-stress ratio is less than 3.0, the supporting intensity of the anchor bar of the surrounding rock increases significantly; and the supporting intensity is the function of strength-stress ratio with-2 singularity; when the strength-stress ratio is greater than 3.0 and less than 6.0, the supporting intensity of surrounding rock is in the nonlinear transition zone; when the strength-stress ratio is more than 6.0, the supporting intensity of surrounding rock tends to be constant.There exists a negative correlation(power exponent function) between the supporting intensity of prestressed anchor and the strength-stress ratio, and when the strength-stress ratio is less than 4.0, the supporting intensity of prestressed anchor increases significantly. The paper also puts forward the concept of the bolting index and the corresponding calculation formula, and finds that the bolting index of the anchor bar and the prestressed anchor of these 20 powerhouses are all distributed around 1.0. Therefore, the bolting index of practical engineering support design should reach 1.0 to ensure a reasonable support intensity.
引文
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