摘要
目的研究氯化镁是否对大鼠坐骨神经损伤修复具有促进作用。方法将60只SD大鼠随机分为3组,每组20只。制作1 cm坐骨神经缺损模型,分别以硅胶管桥接坐骨神经缺损,构成神经再生室。根据神经再生室中所注入介质不同分为:氯化镁组(MgCl_2组),神经生长因子组(nerve growth factor,NGF组),0.9%氯化钠溶液组(control group,对照组)。于术后1、2、4、8周观察大鼠下肢溃疡、肌电图变化情况。并于12周测量大鼠小腿三头肌湿重。结果术后8周时,NGF组和MgCl_2组的大鼠术侧后肢肌肉萎缩有不同程度恢复,僵直度有所减少,肢体及足趾伸展角度增大,而对照组的大鼠后肢肌肉萎缩无明显恢复。12周时,NGF组和氯化镁组大鼠的术侧肢肌肉外观饱满,僵直度进一步降低。而0.9%氯化钠溶液组大鼠术侧肢体僵硬度降低不明显。术后4周,2个实验组神经传导速度较对照组恢复较快,直到术后12周,仍保持较快的恢复速度,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中NGF组恢复最快,但和MgCl_2组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。于术后12周处死动物,取双侧小腿三头肌进行称重,发现2个实验组三头肌湿重较对照组有显著恢复。NGF组恢复最快,但和MgCl_2组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MgCl_2和NGF同样具有促进神经损伤修复的作用,其各项结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论氯化镁可促进大鼠坐骨神经损伤修复。
Objective To investigate the effects of magnesium chloride on the renovation of sciatic nerve injury in rats. Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,with 20 rats in each group. The rat models of sciatic nerve defect( 1cm) were established by bridging sciatic nerve defect with silica gel tube to set up a nerve regeneration chamber( NRC). According to the different mediums that was infused into NRC,the rats were divided into 3 groups: magnesium chloride group( MgCl_2group),nerve growth factor group( NGF group) and physiological saline group( control group). The changes of lower limb ulcer and electromyogram on 1w,2w,4w,8w after operation were observed respectively,moreover,the wet weight of musculus triceps surae was measured on 12 w after operation. Results On 8w after operation,the muscular atrophy in NGF group and MgCl_2 group was recovered at some extent,the stiffness degree was decreased at some extent,and the extension angle of limbs and digiti pedis was increased,however,the muscular atrophy in muscle of posterior limb in control group was not obviously recovered. On 12 w after operation,the muscles of rats' hind legs in NGF group and MgCl_2 group were well stacked and the stiffness degree was decreased further,however,the stiffness degree in control group was not obviously decreased. On 4w after operation,the recovery of nerve conductive velocity in experimental group was better than that in control group untill 12 weeks,as compared with that in control group( P < 0. 05). On 12 w after operation,the wet weight of musculus triceps surae in experimental group was significantly recovered,as compared with that in control group in which the recovery speed in NGFgroup was the fastest,but there was no significant difference between NGF group and MgCl_2 group( P >0. 05). Both Mg CI2 and NGF could promote the repair process of nerve injury,there were no significant differences in all the indexes between MgCl_2 and NGF,however,both of them were superior to control group. Conclusion Magnesium chloride is able to promote repairing of sciatic nerve injury in rats.
引文
1 Noble J,Munro CA,Prasad VS,et al.Analysis of upper and lower extremity peripheral nerve injuries in a population of patients with multiple injuries.J Trauma,1998,45:116-122.
2 Lee JH,Roy J,Sohn HM,et al.Magnesium in a polyethylene glycol formulation provides neuroprotection after unilateral cervical spinal cord injury.Spine(Phila Pa 1976),2010,35:2041-2048.
3 Daly W,Yao L,Zeugolis D,et al.A biomaterials approach to peripheral nerve regeneration:bridging the peripheral nerve gap and enhancing functional recovery.J R Soc Interface,2012,9:202-221.
4 Taylor CA,Braza D,Rice JB,et al.The incidence of peripheral nerve injury in extremity trauma.Am J Phys Med Rehabil,2008,87:381-385.
5 Bertleff MJ,Meek MF,Nicolai JP.A prospective clinical evaluation of biodegradable neurolac nerve guides for sensory nerve repair in the hand.J Hand Surg Am,2005,30:513-518.
6 Sachanandani NF,Pothula A,Tung TH.Nerve gaps.Plast Reconstr Surg,2014,133:313-319.
7 Konrad M,Weber S.Recent advances in molecular genetics of hereditary magnesium-losing disorders.J Am Soc Nephrol,2003,14:249-260.
8 鄢开胜,薛秋红,张佳华,等.镁离子对谷氨酸诱发的螺旋神经节细胞损伤的保护作用.中华医学杂志,2006,86:1572-1574.
9 Lundborg G,Gelberman RH,Longo FM,et al.In vivo regeneration of cut nerves encased in silicone tubes:growth across a six-millimeter gap.J Neuropathol Exp Neurol,1982,41:412-422.
10 Mohler LR,Hanel DP.Closed fractures complicated by peripheral nerve injury.J Am Acad Orthop Surg,2006,14:32-37.
11 张婧,丁文龙.神经营养因子在神经损伤修复中的作用机制.神经解剖学杂志,2014,30:709-714.
12 Strandberg EJ,Mozaffar T,Gupta R.The role of neurodiagnostic studies in nerve injuries and other orthopedic disorders.J Hand Surg Am,2007,32:1280-1290.
13 Atkins S,Smith KG,Loescher AR,et al.Scarring impedes regeneration at sites of peripheral nerve repair.Neuroreport,2006,17:1245-1249.
14 Solaroglu I,Kaptanoglu E,Okutan O,et al.Magnesium sulfate treatment decreases caspase-3 activity after experimental spinal cord injury in rats.Surg Neurol,2005,64:S17-21.
