摘要
焦家金矿带是莱州-招远金矿区最重要的金矿带之一,产状复杂且性状变化较大。以往研究主要针对矿物种类、载金矿物及其形状及嵌布关系等进行分析,缺乏对金粒矿物学、金矿物种类及金颗粒的成色研究。本文采用偏光/反光显微镜、体视显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪等技术手段对焦家金矿主矿区深部开采的矿石样品进行分析,研究内容主要包括金赋存状态、金粒度、金形状、金矿物类型及不同大小金粒的成色特征。结果表明:载金矿物主要以黄铁矿、黄铜矿等硫化矿和石英、长石等脉石矿物为主。金赋存状态有裂隙金(64.82%)、包裹金(19.29%)、晶隙金(15.89%);黄铁矿、黄铜矿中金粒较大,连群分布占多数,脉石中金粒细小,孤立分布占多数。金矿物形状复杂,主要有球状金、三角形金、矩形金。金矿物种类丰富,以自然金、银金矿、自然银、含铁自然银为主,其次为金铜矿、螺硫银矿、碲化金银。金矿物粒度范围较大,大金颗粒可达到90～110μm,小金颗粒只有2～3μm。金银矿物的成色普遍较高,大粒金成色低,以银金矿为主,小粒金成色高,大都为自然金。本文丰富了焦家金矿矿物学研究的内容,为后续选冶工艺提供了调控依据和重要信息。
The Jiaojia Gold Mine is one of the most important gold deposits in the Laizhou-Zhaoyuan gold mine,in which gold occurrence is complex. Previous research has focused on mineral types and shapes,gold-bearing ore species and relationship between minerals. However, studies of detailed gold mineralogy, occurrence characteristics,and fineness of different gold grain have been largely overlooked. The samples collected from the Jiaojia Gold Mine were comprehensively studied using Advanced Polarized Light Reflective Dual Microscope, Stereoscopic Microscope,Scanning Electron Microscopy,Energy Spectrometer and X-ray Diffractometer. The results show as following: main gold bearing minerals are sulfide and gangue,sulfide was mainly pyrite and chalcopyrite,gangue was mainly quartz and feldspar. The occurrence types of gold included 64. 82% of intercrystalline gold,19. 29% of inclusion gold and 15. 89% of fissure gold. Gold size was larger in pyrite and chalcopyrite than in gangue minerals. Meanwhile,the majority of gold was distributed as groups in sulfide minerals and isolation in gangue minerals. The gold shapes were mainly spherical,triangular and rectangular. Gold species were abundant,such as natural gold,electrum,and natural silver and natural silver including iron,and less as auricupride,acanthite,gold and silver telluride. The sizes of gold have a wide range,as large grains are up to 90- 110 μm and small grains are 2- 3 μm. The fineness of large gold particles was low and the main ingredient was electrum,whose main ingredient was natural gold in small particles.
引文
[1]赵鹏沄,顾雪祥,邓小华.山东焦家金矿矿床成因及成矿模式[J].地质与勘探,2007,51(4):29-35.
[2]张晓飞,孙爱群,牛树银,张福祥,刘成,武玉璞.胶东焦家金矿田成矿构造及控矿作用分析[J].黄金科学技术,2012,25(3):18-22.
[3]李德亭,孙之夫,单立华,许道学,李前懋.焦家金矿床深部矿石工艺矿物学研究[J].黄金,2002,23(2):8-15.
[4]李德亭,陆爱珍.焦家金矿床中深部载金矿物成分及微量元素分析[J].有色矿山,2002,31(5):1-5.
[5]胡圆圆,胡再元.扫描电镜在碎屑岩储层粘土矿物研究中的应用[J].四川地质学报,2012,33(1):25-28.
[6]周莉,于亨达,杨海涛,韩朝龙.兴安矿深部软岩的扫描电镜-X射线能谱分析[J].黑龙江科技学院学报,2012,19(2):148-153,167.
[7]逯桂平.扫描电镜技术及其在矿物加工领域的应用现状[J].广州化工,2012,40(10):51-53.
[8]杜婷,周振新,李丽敏,张正极.扫描电镜中颗粒能谱定量分析的质量效应[J].理化检验(物理分册),2012,50(6):365-369,418.
[9]王少华,汪斌,徐兆文,陆现彩,王浩,陈猛,朱翔羽.大平山铜矿毒砂单矿物扫描电镜分析[J].地质学刊,2012,36(2):119-128.
[10]焦淑静,韩辉,翁庆萍,杨峰,姜大强,崔立山.页岩孔隙结构扫描电镜分析方法研究[J].电子显微学报,2012,31(5):432-436.
[11]黄瑢,赖潇静,秦善,巫翔,李延春,刘景,杨科.同步辐射X射线衍射研究利蛇纹石的压缩性[J].核技术,2012,35(11):801-805.
[12]胡耀东.X射线衍射仪在岩石矿物学中的应用[J].云南冶金,2010,39(3):61-63.
[13]蒲海波.用X射线衍射分析鉴定粘土矿物的方法[J].勘察科学技术,2011,29(5):12-14.
[14]高媛.四川省丹巴县某Ni-PGE矿床赤铁矿中PGE矿物的能谱分析[J].光谱实验室,2011,28(5):2362-2366.
[15]胡耀东.X射线衍射仪在岩石矿物学中的应用[J].云南冶金,2010,39(3):61-63.
[16]王守敬,卫敏,赵平,卞孝东,马驰.上房沟钼矿辉钼矿俄歇能谱分析[J].矿物学报,2012,32(4):543-547.
[17]赵洁心,鲍明学.焦家金矿床黄铁矿标型特征及含金性分析[J].黄金,2007,28(9):19-23.
[18]徐瑞英,郭喜运.山东焦家金矿黄铁矿热电性标型特征研究[J].科技与企业,2012,21(1):72-73,75.
