摘要
在介绍主要泡沫灭火剂及其研发历程的基础上,着重开展了国家标准GB 27897—2011《A类泡沫灭火剂》与美国消防协会(NFPA)标准、GB 15308—2006《泡沫灭火剂》与国际标准化组织(ISO)标准的对比。研究发现,国家标准与ISO标准均包括抗冻结、融化性、沉淀物、比流动性、pH值、张力、扩散系数、发泡倍数和析液时间等指标,相关试验方法和要求基本一致;但与NFPA标准相比,国家标准仅从灭火性能和存放角度出发,设立了凝固点、抗冻结、融化性、比流动性、腐蚀性、pH值、表面张力、润湿性、析液时间、隔热防护性能等指标,缺少环境影响方面的控制指标,试验方法中关于温度和样品混合比的要求也不尽相同。因此,国家标准应借鉴NFPA标准,进一步完善毒理性等相关指标。
Based on the introduction of the research and development of foam extinguishing agents, a comparison among GB 27897—2011 Class A Foam Extinguishing Agents, NFPA standard of USA, GB 15308—2006 Foam Extinguishing Agents, and ISO standard was carried out. The study found that both national standard and ISO standard included the following indexes: antifreezing performance, melting property, sediment, specific fluidity, pH value, tensile force, diffusion coefficient, foam expansion, drainage time and so on; and the relevant test methods and requirements of them were basically the same. However, compared to NFPA standard, national standard was lack of the control indexes about environmental implication, which was just considered from aspects of fire extinguishing and deposit, with freezing point, antifreezing performance, melting property, specific fluidity,corrosivity, pH value, surface tension, wettability, drainage time, thermal insulation barrier property, and some other indexes set up as well; besides, the requirement about temperature and mixing ratio of samples during the test in the mentioned two standards were also different. Therefore, it was suggested that, national standard should take NFPA as reference and further complete toxicology and some other related indexes as well.
引文
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