摘要
山东是马铃薯生产大省,但马铃薯机械化生产技术与装备水平与我国主要农作物平均水平相比存在较大差距。为推动山东马铃薯生产全程机械化进程,本文对山东马铃薯种植规模、栽培模式及品种现状进行总结,分析耕整起垄、种薯制备、种植、田间管理、收获、贮藏等马铃薯生产作业环节的机械化技术水平及装备现状,指出制约山东马铃薯生产机械化的问题主要是产业规模小、农机农艺不融合、现有装备不成熟及缺乏关键环节作业装备等。为促进山东马铃薯生产机械化发展,本文提出全面加强试验示范和技术推广,创新研制马铃薯带芽播种机、秧蔓处理机、残膜回收机,优化研制田间管理机、低损收获机等几点对策建议。
Shandong is a major potato production province,but its mechanized production technology and equipment level is far behind the average level of major crops in China.In order to promote the whole mechanization process of potato production in Shandong Province,this paper summarized the planting scale,cultivation mode and variety status of potato in Shandong Province,analyzed the mechanization technology and equipment status of tillage and ridging,potato preparation,planting,field management,harvesting,storage and other potato production processes,and pointed out the main problems of potato production mechanization in Shandong Province are small scale of industry,non-integration of agricultural machinery and technology,immature existing equipment and lack of key process operation equipment.In order to promote the development of potato production mechanization in Shandong Province,this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions,such as strengthening experimental demonstration and technical popularization,innovating and developing potato seeder with buds,seedling processor,residual film recycling machine,optimizing and developing field management machine and harvester.
引文
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