摘要
随着柔性直流输电技术逐渐扩展到架空线输电场合,故障线路的快速识别和隔离显得尤为重要。相比于电缆线路,架空线输电易发生短路、闪络等瞬时故障,必须采取相应措施隔离故障线路,避免系统停运。直流断路器作为隔离故障线路的核心设备受到了国内外的高度重视。简要阐述了现有混合型直流短路器的研究现状,在已有直流断路器技术方案的基础上提出了一种新型混合型直流断路器拓扑。该断路器通过限流电感可有效抑制短路电流幅值,依靠电容缓冲作用,避免了大数量级IGBT串联的同步驱动及均压问题。在PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台上搭建了四端对称双极柔性直流电网模型,仿真验证该直流断路器可满足高压直流电网快速切除故障线路的需求。
With MMC-HVDC technology gradually expanding to overhead line transmission occasions, the rapid identification and isolation of fault lines is particularly important. Compared with the cable line, the overhead line transmission is prone to happening short circuit, flashover and other transient faults, and corresponding measures must be taken to isolate the fault line to avoid system outage immediately. DC circuit breaker has captured great attention from the community at home and abroad as the core equipment of isolating fault circuit. A new type of hybrid DC circuit breaker topology is proposed based on the existing DC circuit breaker technical scheme. The circuit breaker can effectively restrain the amplitude of short circuit current through the current limiting inductance, and avoid the synchronous driving and voltage sharing of large orders of IGBT series by means of capacitive buffer action. A model of four-terminal double bipolar HVDC grid is built on the PSCAD/EMTDC, and the simulation results show that the DC circuit breaker can meet the demand of fast resection of the fault line.
引文
[1]饶成诚,王海云,王维庆,等.基于储能装置的柔性直流输电技术提高大规模风电系统稳定运行能力的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制, 2014, 42(4):1-7.RAO Chengcheng, WANG Haiyun, WANG Weiqing, et al.Enhancement of the stable operation ability of large-scale wind power system based on the VSC-HVDC embedded in energy storage apparatus[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2014, 42(4):1-7.
[2]姚良忠,吴婧,王志冰,等.未来高压直流电网发展形态分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(34):6007-6020.YAOLiangzhong,WUJing,WANGZhibing,etal.PatternanalysisoffutureHVDCgriddevelopment[J].Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(34):6007-6020.
[3]温家良,吴锐,彭畅,等.直流电网在中国的应用前景分析[J].中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32(13):7-12.WEN Jialiang, WU Rui, PENG Chang, et al. Analysis of DC grid prospects in China[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012, 32(13):7-12.
[4]YAOZ,ZHANGQ,CHENP,etal.Researchonfault diagnosisforMMC-HVDCsystems[J].Protectionand ControlofModernPowerSystems,2016,1(1):71-77.DOI:10.1186/s41601-016-0022-0.
[5]秦红霞,王成山,刘树,等.智能微网与柔性配网相关技术探讨[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(20):17-23.QINHongxia,WANGChengshan,LIUShu,etal.Discussiononthetechnologyofintelligentmicro-grid andflexibledistributionsystem[J].PowerSystem Protection and Control, 2016, 42(20):17-23.
[6]许火炬,缪希仁.交直流混合配电方式及其故障保护研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):139-146.XUHuoju,MIAOXiren.AreviewofAC/DChybrid distributionandfaultprotection[J].PowerSystem Protection and Control, 2017, 45(5):139-146.
[7]李文锋,张健,卜广全,等.抽蓄电站和经多端柔性直流电网接入的大规模新能源间的协调互补优化控制方案[J].电力系统保护与控制, 2017, 45(23):130-135.LIWenfeng,ZHANGJian,BUGuangquan,etal.A coordinatecomplementaryoptimizationcontrolscheme betweenpumpedstoragestationandlarge-scalenew renewableintegratedthroughVSC-MTDC[J].Power System Protection and Control, 2017, 45(23):130-135.
[8]TAHATAK,OUKAILISE,KAMEIK,etal.HVDC circuitbreakersforHVDCgridapplications[C]//11th IETInternationalConferenceonACandDCPower Transmission,February10-12,2015,Birmingham,UK:1-7.
[9]穆建国,王莉,胡杰.直流固态断路器拓扑结构的设计与分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(18):109-114.MU Jianguo, WANG Li, HU Jie. Analysis and design of topological structure for DC solid-state circuit breaker[J].Proceedings of the CSEE, 2010, 30(18):109-114.
[10]CALLAVIKM,BLOMBERGA,HAFNERJ,etal.Breakthrough!ABB’shybridHVDCbreaker,an innovationbreakthroughenablingreliableHVDC grids[J]. ABB Review, 2013(2):7-13.
[11]LINW,JOVCICD,NGUEFEUS,etal.Modellingof high-powerhybridDCcircuitbreakerforgrid-level studies[J]. IET Power Electronics, 2016, 9(2):237-246.
[12]江道灼,张弛,郑欢,等.一种限流式混合直流断路器方案[J].电力系统自动化, 2014, 38(4):65-71.JIANG Daozhuo, ZHANG Chi, ZHENG Huan, et al. A scheme for current-limiting hybrid DC circuit breaker[J].AutomationofElectricPowerSystems,2014,38(4):65-71.
[13]周猛,左文平,林卫星,等.电容换流型直流断路器及其在直流电网的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(4):1045-1052.ZHOUMeng,ZUOWenping,LINWeixing,etal.CapacitorcommutatedDCcircuitbreakerandIts application in DC grid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017,37(4):1045-1052.
[14]魏晓光,高冲,罗湘,等.柔性直流输电网用新型高压直流断路器设计方案[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):95-102.WEI Xiaoguang, GAO Chong, LUO Xiang, et al. A novel designofhigh-voltageDCcircuitbreakerinHVDC flexibletransmissiongrid[J].AutomationofElectric Power Systems, 2013, 37(15):95-102.
[15]WANG X, PENG C, YAO G, et al. Simulation and test researchforDCbreakersofUHVDCtransmission system[C]//2012SecondInternationalConferenceon IEEEIntelligentSystemDesignandEngineering Application(ISDEA), January 6-7, 2012, Sanya, China:1480-1485.
[16]ZHOU W, WEI X, ZHANG S, et al. Development and testofa200k Vfull-bridgebasedhybridHVDC breaker[C]//201517thEuropeanConferenceonIEEE PowerElectronicsandApplications(EPE’15ECCEEurope),September8-10,2015,Geneva,Switzerland:1-7.
[17]BEERTEN J, D'ARCO S, SUUL J A. Identification and small-signalanalysisofinteractionmodesinVSC MTDC systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016, 31(2):888-897.
[18]吴亚楠,吕铮,贺之渊,等.基于架空线的直流电网保护方案研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(14):3726-3734.WU Yanan, LüZheng, HE Zhiyuan, et al. Study on the protectionstrategiesofHVDCgridforoverheadline application[J].ProceedingsoftheCSEE,2016,36(14):3726-3734.
[19]姚为正,行登江,吴金龙,等.柔性直流电网超高速保护方案研究[J].电网技术, 2017, 41(6):1710-1718.YAOWeizheng,XINGDengjiang,WUJinlong,etal.Study on ultra-high-speedprotection method of flexible HVDC grid[J]. Power System Technology, 2017, 41(6):1710-1718.
[20]许建中,李承昱,熊岩,等.模块化多电平换流器高效建模方法研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(13):3381-3392.XU Jianzhong, LI Chengyu, XIONG Yan, et al. A review ofefficientmodelingmethodsformodularmultilevel converters[J].ProceedingsoftheCSEE,2015,35(13):3381-3392.
[21]阎发友,汤广福,贺之渊,等.基于MMC的多端柔性直流输电系统改进下垂控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(3):397-404.YANFayou,TANGGuangfu,HEZhiyuan,etal.An improveddroopcontrolstrategyforMMC-basedVSCMTDC systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(3):397-404.
