Comparison of time-restricted and ad libitum self-feeding on the growth,feeding behavior and daily digestive enzyme profiles of Atlantic salmon

详细信息    查看全文 | 推荐本文 |

英文篇名：Comparison of time-restricted and ad libitum self-feeding on the growth,feeding behavior and daily digestive enzyme profiles of Atlantic salmon 作者：史策 ; 刘鹰 ; 衣萌萌 ; 郑纪盟 ; 田会芹 ; 杜以帅 ; 李贤 ; 孙国祥 英文作者：SHI Ce;LIU Ying;YI Mengmeng;ZHENG Jimeng;TIAN Huiqin;DU Yishuai;LI Xian;SUN Guoxiang;Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences;National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture;Dalian Ocean University,School of Marine Science and Environment Engineering;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; 英文关键词：Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar);;self-feeding regime;;feeding behavior;;digestive physiology;;daily rhythm 中文刊名：HYFW 英文刊名：中国海洋湖沼学报(英文版) 机构：Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences;National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture;Dalian Ocean University,School of Marine Science and Environment Engineering;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; 出版日期：2017-07-15 出版单位：Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 年：2017 期：v.35 基金：Supported by the Qingdao Postdoctoral Application Research Project(No.Y6KY01110N);; the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31472312,41306152,31402283);; the Qingdao Innovation Talents Program(No.13-CX-16);; the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China(No.2014BAD08B09);; the Earmarked Fund for Modem AgroIndustry Technology Research System(No.CARS-48) 语种：英文; 页：HYFW201704003 页数：8 CN：04 ISSN：37-1150/P 分类号：9-16

摘要

Although it has been hypothesized that a predictable feeding regime in animals allows physiological variables to be adjusted to maximize nutrient utilization and,hence,better growth performance,the assumption has rarely been tested.This study compares the effects of time-restricted versus free access self-feeding on the growth,feeding behavior and daily digestive enzyme rhythms of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar).In an experiment that lasted 6 weeks,fish(109.9 g) were divided into two groups:group 1 had free access to a self-feeder(FA);group 2 received three meals per day(2 h per meal) at dawn,midday and dusk via a time-restricted self-feeder(TR).At the end of the experiment,the fish were sampled every 3 h over a24-h period.The results showed that the TR fish quickly synchronized their feeding behavior to the feeding window and their blood glucose showed a significant postprandial increase,while FA fish displayed no statistically significant rhythms(P>0.05).Pepsin activity of TR fish also showed a significant daily rhythm(P<0.05) with the acrophase at the second feed and a decrease over the next 12 h.Average daily trypsin,lipase and amylase levels of FA fish were significantly lower than those of TR fish(P<0.01);however,the growth performance of both groups was similar(P>0.05).In conclusion,the study failed to confirm a link between the entrainment of daily digestive enzyme profiles and growth performance,with the TR group showing comparatively poor blood glucose regulation.
        Although it has been hypothesized that a predictable feeding regime in animals allows physiological variables to be adjusted to maximize nutrient utilization and,hence,better growth performance,the assumption has rarely been tested.This study compares the effects of time-restricted versus free access self-feeding on the growth,feeding behavior and daily digestive enzyme rhythms of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar).In an experiment that lasted 6 weeks,fish(109.9 g) were divided into two groups:group 1 had free access to a self-feeder(FA);group 2 received three meals per day(2 h per meal) at dawn,midday and dusk via a time-restricted self-feeder(TR).At the end of the experiment,the fish were sampled every 3 h over a 24-h period.The results showed that the TR fish quickly synchronized their feeding behavior to the feeding window and their blood glucose showed a significant postprandial increase,while FA fish displayed no statistically significant rhythms(P>0.05).Pepsin activity of TR fish also showed a significant daily rhythm(P<0.05) with the acrophase at the second feed and a decrease over the next 12 h.Average daily trypsin,lipase and amylase levels of FA fish were significantly lower than those of TR fish(P<0.01);however,the growth performance of both groups was similar(P>0.05).In conclusion,the study failed to confirm a link between the entrainment of daily digestive enzyme profiles and growth performance,with the TR group showing comparatively poor blood glucose regulation.

引文

Azzaydi M,Madrid J A,Zamora S,Sánchez-Vázquez F J,Martinez F J.1998a.Effect of three feeding strategies(automatic,ad libitum demand-feeding and time-restricted demand-feeding)on feeding rhythms and growth in European sea bass(Dicentrarchus labrax L.).Aquaculture,163(3-4):285-296.
    Azzaydi M,Rubio V C,López F J M,Sánchez-Vázquez F J,Zamora S,Madrid J A.2007.Effect of restricted feeding schedule on seasonal shifting of daily demand-feeding pattern and food anticipatory activity in European sea bass(Dicentrarchus labrax L.).Chronobiology International,24(5):859-874.
    Boujard T,Médale F.1994.Regulation of voluntary feed intake in juvenile rainbow trout fed by hand or by selffeeders with diets containing two different protein/energy ratios.Aquatic Living Resources,7(3):211-215.
    Comperatore C A,Stephan F K.1987.Entrainment of duodenal activity to periodic feeding.Journal of Biological Rhythms,2(3):227-242.
    Garcia-Ortega A,Verreth J,Segner H.2000.Post-prandial protease activity in the digestive tract of African catfish Clarias gariepinus larvae fed decapsulated cysts of Artemia.Fish Physiology and Biochemistry,22(3):237-244.
    Gelineau A,Corraze G,Boujard T.1998.Effects of restricted ration,time-restricted access and reward level on voluntary food intake,growth and growth heterogeneity of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)fed on demand with self-feeders.Aquaculture,167(3-4):247-258.
    Jarboe H H,Grant W J.1997.The influence of feeding time and frequency on the growth,survival,feed conversion,and body composition of channel catfish,Ictalurus punctatus,cultured in a three-tier,closed,recirculating raceway system.Journal of applied aquaculture,7:43-52.
    Juell J E.1995.The behaviour of Atlantic salmon in relation to efficient cage-rearing.Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries,5(3):320-335.
    Liu B L,Liu Y,Liu Z Y,Qiu D G,Sun G X,Li X.2014.Influence of stocking density on growth,body composition and energy budget of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L.in recirculating aquaculture systems.Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,32(5):982-990.
    Lopez-Olmeda J F,Montoya A,Oliveira C,Sanchez-Vazquez F J.2009.Synchronization to light and restricted-feeding schedules of behavioral and humoral daily rhythms in gilthead sea bream(Sparus auratd).Chronobiology International,26(7):1 389-1 408.
    MetcalfeN B,FraserN H C,Burns MD.1999.Food availability and the nocturnal vs.diurnal foraging trade-off in juvenile salmon.Journal of Animal Ecology,68(2):371-381.
    Mohanta K N,Mohanty S N,Jena J K,Sahu N P.2008.Optimal dietary lipid level of silver barb,Puntius gonionotus fingerlings in relation to growth,nutrient retention and digestibility,muscle nucleic acid content and digestive enzyme activity.Aquaculture Nutrition,14(4):350-359.
    Montoya A,Lopez-Olmeda J F,Yufera M,Sanchez-Muros M J,Sánchez-Vázquez F J.2010.Feeding time synchronises daily rhythms of behaviour and digestive physiology in gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata).Aquaculture,306(1-4):315-321.
    Moon T W.2001.Glucose intolerance in teleost fish:fact or fiction?Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B:Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,129:243-249.
    Noble C,Mizusawa K,Suzuki K,Tabata M.2007.The effect of differing self-feeding regimes on the growth,behaviour and fin damage of rainbow trout held in groups.Aquaculture,264(1-4):214-222.
    Paspatis M,Boujard T.1996.A comparative study of automatic feeding and self-feeding in juvenile Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)fed diets of different energy levels.Aquaculture,145(1-4):245-257.
    Paspatis M,Maragoudaki D,Kentouri M.2000.Self-feeding activity patterns in gilthead sea bream(Sparus aurata),red porgy(Pagrus pagrus)and their reciprocal hybrids.Aquaculture,190(3-4):389-401.
    Polakof S,Ceinos R M,Fernandez-Duran B,Miguez J M,Soengas J L.2007.Daily changes in parameters of energy metabolism in brain of rainbow trout:dependence on feeding.Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Molecular&Integrative Physiology,146(2):265-273.
    Refinetti R,Cornelissen G,Halberg F.2007.Procedures for numerical analysis of circadian rhythms.Biological Rhythm Research,38(4):275-325.
    Rotllant J,Tort L.1997.Cortisol and glucose responses after acute stress by net handling in the sparid red porgy previously subjected to crowding stress.Journal of Fish Biology,51(1):21-28.
    Sánchez J A,López-Olmeda J F,Blanco-Vives B,SánchezVázquez F J.2009.Effects of feeding schedule on locomotor activity rhythms and stress response in sea bream.Physiology&Behavior,98(1-2):125-129.
    Sun G X,Liu Y,Qiu D G,Yi M M,Li X,Li Y.2014.Effects of feeding rate and frequency on growth performance,digestion and nutrients balances of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)in recirculating aquaculture systems(RAS).Aquaculture Research,47(1):176-188,http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/are.l2480.
    Sveier H,Wathne E,Lied E.1999.Growth,feed and nutrient utilisation and gastrointestinal evacuation time in Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar L.):the effect of dietary fish meal particle size and protein concentration.Aquaculture,180(3-4):265-282.
    Vera L M,De Pedro N,Gómez-Milán E,Delgado M J,Sánchez-Muros M J,Madrid J A,Sánchez-Vázquez F J.2007.Feeding entrainment of locomotor activity rhythms,digestive enzymes and neuroendocrine factors in goldfish.Physiology&Behavior,90(2-3):518-524.
    Zhu H X,Jiang Q C,Wang Q,Yang J H,Dong S M,Yang J X.2013.Effect of dietary carbohydrate-to-lipid ratios on growth performance,body composition,hepatic enzyme activities,and digestive enzyme activities of juvenile Australian redclaw crayfish,Cherax quadricarinatus(von Martens).Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,44(2):173-186.